TW
Tripwire
Find contracts. Test them. Review real vulns.

Analysis Run

4be2620c-5cd2-4ff1-8787-162f97b51978

complete
Chain ID
1
Address
0x017b187fd04b040aa40700c45b4347f463a8c2d2
Block Number
—
Created
Sun, Jan 4, 2026 9:32 AM
Review Summary

What survived the funnel

Open this run to answer one question: is this real attacker-relevant behavior with real impact, or just normal contract plumbing?

back to vulns open contract
Confirmed
0
Validated
0
Source
Bytecode only
Review Backing
Not yet
Best current signal
Untrusted DELEGATECALL target reachable
crit 0 high 0 direct contract
Review Checklist
1. Read the findings table first. Ignore raw jobs until the result looks real.
2. Confirm attacker control, not just the existence of a sink.
3. Confirm money or privilege impact.
4. Keep it if the behavior is real. Kill it if this is normal proxy, admin, or upgrade plumbing.

Processing Jobs

Status & attempts
ID Type Status Attempts Heartbeat
31619 report.consolidate complete 1 / 1 3 months ago
111512 artifact.fetch complete 1 / 3 1 week ago
111513 tool.cast_disasm complete 1 / 3 1 week ago
111514 analysis.bundle complete 1 / 3 1 week ago
111515 capability.graph complete 1 / 3 1 week ago
111516 detector.run complete 1 / 3 1 week ago
111517 validation.fork complete 1 / 3 1 week ago

Artifact

Runtime bytecode: available
Creation TX: —
Deployer: —
Proxy: no
Implementation:
—
Verified Source: no

Slither

tool.slither

No slither job recorded yet.

Codex

report.consolidate
Job Status
complete
Attempts
1 / 1
Findings
0
No findings?
yes
Summary
No concrete, bytecode-only profit extraction path identified; the runtime contains a fixed-slot external CALL and a DELEGATECALL with no in-contract way to change the target or transfer value.
View stderr 
[codex:409003] OpenAI Codex v0.77.0 (research preview)
[codex:409003] --------
[codex:409003] workdir: /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7
[codex:409003] model: gpt-5.2-codex
[codex:409003] provider: openai
[codex:409003] approval: never
[codex:409003] sandbox: read-only
[codex:409003] reasoning effort: xhigh
[codex:409003] reasoning summaries: auto
[codex:409003] session id: 019b8853-0670-7023-aef0-2fe00603bb6b
[codex:409003] --------
[codex:409003] user
[codex:409003] You are a profit-focused exploit hunter analyzing EVM bytecode. Your ONLY goal is finding ways to extract value (ETH, tokens, NFTs) from this contract.
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] Read `BYTECODE_BUNDLE.txt` completely before concluding.
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] ONLY REPORT if you find a CONCRETE, EXPLOITABLE path to profit. We do NOT care about:
[codex:409003] - Gas inefficiency, code quality, or best practices
[codex:409003] - Theoretical vulnerabilities without a clear extraction path
[codex:409003] - Generic footguns (unchecked return values, etc.) unless they enable theft
[codex:409003] - Issues requiring social engineering or off-chain coordination
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] PATTERNS WORTH INVESTIGATING in bytecode:
[codex:409003] - CALL/DELEGATECALL with controllable destination or calldata
[codex:409003] - Value transfers (CALL with non-zero value) without prior CALLER/ORIGIN checks
[codex:409003] - SSTORE to low slots (0-10) that might be owner/admin storage
[codex:409003] - ecrecover (signature validation) - look for missing nonce/replay protection
[codex:409003] - External calls before state updates (reentrancy)
[codex:409003] - SELFDESTRUCT with controllable beneficiary
[codex:409003] - Proxy patterns (DELEGATECALL to storage slot) with unprotected upgrade paths
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] For each finding, you MUST explain:
[codex:409003] 1. The specific bytecode pattern/offsets that indicate the vulnerability
[codex:409003] 2. The concrete sequence of transactions to extract value
[codex:409003] 3. Why you believe this is exploitable (not just suspicious)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] If you cannot identify a concrete profit path from bytecode alone: set no_findings=true.
[codex:409003] Do NOT hallucinate. Bytecode-only analysis is limited - be honest about uncertainty.
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] Output MUST be valid JSON matching the provided schema.
[codex:409003] - severity: info, low, medium, high, critical (use high/critical ONLY for clear extraction paths)
[codex:409003] - category: access_control, reentrancy, math, oracle, upgradeability, auth, other
[codex:409003] mcp startup: no servers
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Reading file contents**
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc ls in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 5ms:
[codex:409003] BYTECODE_BUNDLE.txt
[codex:409003] codex-output-schema.json
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc 'cat BYTECODE_BUNDLE.txt' in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 5ms:
[codex:409003] Runtime bytecode bundle for best-effort auditing.
[codex:409003] Note: without verified source, conclusions are low-confidence unless a concrete pattern is visible.
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] FILE: runtime_bytecode.hex
[codex:409003] 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
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Analyzing and planning bytecode disassembly**
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] import sys, textwrap
[codex:409003] hexstr='''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'''
[codex:409003] # simple disassembler
[codex:409003] opcodes = {
[codex:409003] 0x00:'STOP',0x01:'ADD',0x02:'MUL',0x03:'SUB',0x04:'DIV',0x05:'SDIV',0x06:'MOD',0x07:'SMOD',0x08:'ADDMOD',0x09:'MULMOD',0x0a:'EXP',0x0b:'SIGNEXTEND',
[codex:409003] 0x10:'LT',0x11:'GT',0x12:'SLT',0x13:'SGT',0x14:'EQ',0x15:'ISZERO',0x16:'AND',0x17:'OR',0x18:'XOR',0x19:'NOT',0x1a:'BYTE',0x1b:'SHL',0x1c:'SHR',0x1d:'SAR',
[codex:409003] 0x20:'SHA3',
[codex:409003] 0x30:'ADDRESS',0x31:'BALANCE',0x32:'ORIGIN',0x33:'CALLER',0x34:'CALLVALUE',0x35:'CALLDATALOAD',0x36:'CALLDATASIZE',0x37:'CALLDATACOPY',0x38:'CODESIZE',0x39:'CODECOPY',0x3a:'GASPRICE',0x3b:'EXTCODESIZE',0x3c:'EXTCODECOPY',0x3d:'RETURNDATASIZE',0x3e:'RETURNDATACOPY',0x3f:'EXTCODEHASH',
[codex:409003] 0x40:'BLOCKHASH',0x41:'COINBASE',0x42:'TIMESTAMP',0x43:'NUMBER',0x44:'DIFFICULTY',0x45:'GASLIMIT',0x46:'CHAINID',0x47:'SELFBALANCE',0x48:'BASEFEE',
[codex:409003] 0x50:'POP',0x51:'MLOAD',0x52:'MSTORE',0x53:'MSTORE8',0x54:'SLOAD',0x55:'SSTORE',0x56:'JUMP',0x57:'JUMPI',0x58:'PC',0x59:'MSIZE',0x5a:'GAS',0x5b:'JUMPDEST',
[codex:409003] 0x60:'PUSH1',0x61:'PUSH2',0x62:'PUSH3',0x63:'PUSH4',0x64:'PUSH5',0x65:'PUSH6',0x66:'PUSH7',0x67:'PUSH8',0x68:'PUSH9',0x69:'PUSH10',0x6a:'PUSH11',0x6b:'PUSH12',0x6c:'PUSH13',0x6d:'PUSH14',0x6e:'PUSH15',0x6f:'PUSH16',0x70:'PUSH17',0x71:'PUSH18',0x72:'PUSH19',0x73:'PUSH20',0x74:'PUSH21',0x75:'PUSH22',0x76:'PUSH23',0x77:'PUSH24',0x78:'PUSH25',0x79:'PUSH26',0x7a:'PUSH27',0x7b:'PUSH28',0x7c:'PUSH29',0x7d:'PUSH30',0x7e:'PUSH31',0x7f:'PUSH32',
[codex:409003] 0x80:'DUP1',0x81:'DUP2',0x82:'DUP3',0x83:'DUP4',0x84:'DUP5',0x85:'DUP6',0x86:'DUP7',0x87:'DUP8',0x88:'DUP9',0x89:'DUP10',0x8a:'DUP11',0x8b:'DUP12',0x8c:'DUP13',0x8d:'DUP14',0x8e:'DUP15',0x8f:'DUP16',
[codex:409003] 0x90:'SWAP1',0x91:'SWAP2',0x92:'SWAP3',0x93:'SWAP4',0x94:'SWAP5',0x95:'SWAP6',0x96:'SWAP7',0x97:'SWAP8',0x98:'SWAP9',0x99:'SWAP10',0x9a:'SWAP11',0x9b:'SWAP12',0x9c:'SWAP13',0x9d:'SWAP14',0x9e:'SWAP15',0x9f:'SWAP16',
[codex:409003] 0xa0:'LOG0',0xa1:'LOG1',0xa2:'LOG2',0xa3:'LOG3',0xa4:'LOG4',
[codex:409003] 0xf0:'CREATE',0xf1:'CALL',0xf2:'CALLCODE',0xf3:'RETURN',0xf4:'DELEGATECALL',0xf5:'CREATE2',0xf6:'INVALID',0xf7:'SELFDESTRUCT',
[codex:409003] 0xfa:'STATICCALL',0xfd:'REVERT',0xfe:'INVALID',0xff:'SELFDESTRUCT'
[codex:409003] }
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] b = bytes.fromhex(hexstr)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] pc=0
[codex:409003] out=[]
[codex:409003] while pc < len(b):
[codex:409003]     op=b[pc]
[codex:409003]     name=opcodes.get(op,'INVALID')
[codex:409003]     if 0x60 <= op <= 0x7f:
[codex:409003]         n=op-0x5f
[codex:409003]         data=b[pc+1:pc+1+n]
[codex:409003]         out.append((pc, name, data.hex()))
[codex:409003]         pc += 1+n
[codex:409003]     else:
[codex:409003]         out.append((pc,name,''))
[codex:409003]         pc+=1
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # print with offsets
[codex:409003] for pc,name,data in out:
[codex:409003]     if data:
[codex:409003]         print(f\"{pc:04x}: {name} {data}\")
[codex:409003]     else:
[codex:409003]         print(f\"{pc:04x}: {name}\")
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 25ms:
[codex:409003] 0000: PUSH1 60
[codex:409003] 0002: PUSH1 40
[codex:409003] 0004: MSTORE
[codex:409003] 0005: CALLDATASIZE
[codex:409003] 0006: ISZERO
[codex:409003] 0007: PUSH2 004a
[codex:409003] 000a: JUMPI
[codex:409003] 000b: PUSH1 00
[codex:409003] 000d: CALLDATALOAD
[codex:409003] 000e: PUSH29 0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
[codex:409003] 002c: SWAP1
[codex:409003] 002d: DIV
[codex:409003] 002e: PUSH4 ffffffff
[codex:409003] 0033: AND
[codex:409003] 0034: DUP1
[codex:409003] 0035: PUSH4 c0ee0b8a
[codex:409003] 003a: EQ
[codex:409003] 003b: PUSH2 0053
[codex:409003] 003e: JUMPI
[codex:409003] 003f: DUP1
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Analyzing EVM bytecode and control flow**
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] I'm examining the disassembled EVM code, focusing on stack manipulation and function call flow, especially around the jump at 0x012c that pops arguments and redirects. To understand how arguments are passed and functions invoked, I plan to simulate the stack operations symbolically with Python to decode the parameter order and control flow more systematically.
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] from collections import namedtuple
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # We'll simulate stack for the section starting at 0x005b up to 0x00d2 (jump).
[codex:409003] # Use symbolic values for call data loads.
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def simulate():
[codex:409003]     stack=[]
[codex:409003]     def push(x):
[codex:409003]         stack.append(x)
[codex:409003]     def pop():
[codex:409003]         return stack.pop()
[codex:409003]     def dup(n):
[codex:409003]         stack.append(stack[-n])
[codex:409003]     def swap(n):
[codex:409003]         stack[-1], stack[-1-n] = stack[-1-n], stack[-1]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003]     # sequence from 0x005c
[codex:409003]     push('0x00d3')  # PUSH2 00d3? wait at 005c push2 00d3
[codex:409003]     push(4)  # PUSH1 04
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     # CALLDATALOAD -> pop offset, push data
[codex:409003]     off=pop();
[codex:409003]     push(f'calldata[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     # PUSH20 ... AND
[codex:409003]     # AND keeps symbolic
[codex:409003]     a=pop(); push(f'addr({a})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     # ADD
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     off=pop(); push(f'calldata[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     # ... continue
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     off=pop(); push(f'calldata[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(3)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     off=pop(); push(f'calldata[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     push(0x1f)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     # DIV
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}/{b})')
[codex:409003]     # MUL
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}*{b})')
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     push(0x40)
[codex:409003]     # MLOAD -> pop offset push mem
[codex:409003]     off=pop(); push(f'mem[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(2)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     push(0x40)
[codex:409003]     # MSTORE (pop 2)
[codex:409003]     val=pop(); off=pop()
[codex:409003]     # after MSTORE
[codex:409003]     # DUP1
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     swap(4)
[codex:409003]     swap(3)
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(2)
[codex:409003]     dup(2)
[codex:409003]     # MSTORE
[codex:409003]     val=pop(); off=pop()
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     dup(4)
[codex:409003]     dup(4)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(3)
[codex:409003]     dup(5)
[codex:409003]     # CALLDATACOPY (pop 3)
[codex:409003]     d=pop(); c=pop(); b=pop();
[codex:409003]     # DUP3
[codex:409003]     dup(3)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     pop()
[codex:409003]     pop(); pop(); pop(); pop(); pop();
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     pop(); pop()
[codex:409003]     # now stack at jump
[codex:409003]     return stack
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] s=simulate()
[codex:409003] print('Stack size',len(s))
[codex:409003] for i,x in enumerate(s):
[codex:409003]     print(i, x)
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 20ms:
[codex:409003] Stack size 4
[codex:409003] 0 0x00d3
[codex:409003] 1 addr(calldata[4])
[codex:409003] 2 calldata[(4+32)]
[codex:409003] 3 mem[64]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Analyzing function call and stack behavior**
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] I'm tracing how the stack evolves during function calls, especially around jump addresses and argument handling—it looks like the first function acts as a no-op returning to a stop point, while the second function includes an external call via a proxy pattern. I'm also exploring how storage slot 0 holds an address used for delegatecalls, trying to map stack items to function parameters and return addresses for a clearer simulation.
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] # simulate second function stack
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def simulate():
[codex:409003]     stack=[]
[codex:409003]     def push(x): stack.append(x)
[codex:409003]     def pop(): return stack.pop()
[codex:409003]     def dup(n): stack.append(stack[-n])
[codex:409003]     def swap(n): stack[-1], stack[-1-n] = stack[-1-n], stack[-1]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003]     push('ret(0x0112)')
[codex:409003]     push(4)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     off=pop(); push(f'calldata[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     # mask address
[codex:409003]     a=pop(); push(f'addr({a})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     dup(1)
[codex:409003]     off=pop(); push(f'calldata[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     push(0x20)
[codex:409003]     b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     swap(2)
[codex:409003]     swap(1)
[codex:409003]     pop(); pop()
[codex:409003]     # jump
[codex:409003]     return stack
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] print(simulate())
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 17ms:
[codex:409003] ['ret(0x0112)', 'addr(calldata[4])', 'calldata[(4+32)]']
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Simulating stack operations at function entry**
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] # simulate stack through function at 0132 for key points
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] ops = [
[codex:409003]     ('PUSH',0),('PUSH',0),('PUSH',0),('PUSH',0),('SWAP',1),('SLOAD',),('SWAP',1),('PUSH',0x100),('EXP',),('SWAP',1),('DIV',),('PUSH', 'mask20'),('AND',),('PUSH','mask20'),('AND',),('PUSH',0xf2da1a80),('DUP',6),('PUSH',0),('PUSH',0x40),('MLOAD',),('PUSH',0x20),('ADD',),('MSTORE',),('PUSH',0x40),('MLOAD',),('DUP',3),('PUSH',0xffffffff),('AND',),('PUSH','selshift'),('MUL',),('DUP',2),('MSTORE',),('PUSH',4),('ADD',),('DUP',1),('DUP',3),('PUSH','mask20'),('AND',),('PUSH','mask20'),('AND',),('DUP',2),('MSTORE',),('PUSH',0x20),('ADD',),('SWAP',2),('POP',),('POP',),('PUSH',0x20),('PUSH',0x40),('MLOAD',),('DUP',1),('DUP',4),('SUB',),('DUP',2),('PUSH',0),('DUP',8),('DUP',1),('EXTCODESIZE',),('ISZERO',),('ISZERO',),('PUSH','0x01f8'),('JUMPI',),('INVALID',),('JUMPDEST',),('PUSH',0x32),('GAS',),('SUB',),('CALL',),
[codex:409003] ]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # We'll implement minimal stack simulation to get call arguments positions.
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] stack=['ret', 'arg0', 'arg1']  # bottom -> top
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def push(x): stack.append(x)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def pop(): return stack.pop()
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def dup(n): stack.append(stack[-n])
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def swap(n): stack[-1], stack[-1-n] = stack[-1-n], stack[-1]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] for op in ops:
[codex:409003]     name=op[0]
[codex:409003]     if name=='PUSH': push(op[1])
[codex:409003]     elif name=='POP': pop()
[codex:409003]     elif name=='DUP': dup(op[1])
[codex:409003]     elif name=='SWAP': swap(op[1])
[codex:409003]     elif name in ('SLOAD','EXP','DIV','AND','MLOAD','MSTORE','ADD','SUB','MUL','EXTCODESIZE','ISZERO','CALL'):
[codex:409003]         if name=='SLOAD':
[codex:409003]             slot=pop(); push(f'sload({slot})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='EXP':
[codex:409003]             b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}**{b})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='DIV':
[codex:409003]             b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}/{b})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='AND':
[codex:409003]             b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}&{b})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='MLOAD':
[codex:409003]             off=pop(); push(f'mem[{off}]')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='MSTORE':
[codex:409003]             val=pop(); off=pop(); # store
[codex:409003]         elif name=='ADD':
[codex:409003]             b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='SUB':
[codex:409003]             b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}-{b})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='MUL':
[codex:409003]             b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}*{b})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='EXTCODESIZE':
[codex:409003]             addr=pop(); push(f'extcodesize({addr})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='ISZERO':
[codex:409003]             a=pop(); push(f'iszero({a})')
[codex:409003]         elif name=='CALL':
[codex:409003]             # CALL consumes 7 args: gas, to, value, in_offset, in_size, out_offset, out_size
[codex:409003]             out_size=pop(); out_offset=pop(); in_size=pop(); in_offset=pop(); value=pop(); to=pop(); gas=pop();
[codex:409003]             push(f'call({to},{value},in={in_offset}:{in_size},out={out_offset}:{out_size},gas={gas})')
[codex:409003]         else:
[codex:409003]             pass
[codex:409003]     elif name=='JUMPI':
[codex:409003]         dest=pop(); cond=pop();
[codex:409003]     elif name=='INVALID' or name=='JUMPDEST' or name=='GAS':
[codex:409003]         if name=='GAS':
[codex:409003]             push('gas')
[codex:409003]     else:
[codex:409003]         print('Unhandled',op)
[codex:409003]         break
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] print('Stack after CALL prep and CALL executed:')
[codex:409003] for i,x in enumerate(stack):
[codex:409003]     print(i,x)
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 18ms:
[codex:409003] Stack after CALL prep and CALL executed:
[codex:409003] 0 ret
[codex:409003] 1 arg0
[codex:409003] 2 arg1
[codex:409003] 3 0
[codex:409003] 4 0
[codex:409003] 5 ((((0**256)/sload(0))&mask20)&mask20)
[codex:409003] 6 4074379904
[codex:409003] 7 ((mem[64]+4)+32)
[codex:409003] 8 call(mem[64],(mem[64]-((mem[64]+4)+32)),in=mem[64]:0,out=((((0**256)/sload(0))&mask20)&mask20):(50-gas),gas=32)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Analyzing bytecode call sequence**
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] import re
[codex:409003] hexstr='''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'''
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # build opcode list with pc
[codex:409003] b=bytes.fromhex(hexstr)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] ops=[]
[codex:409003] pc=0
[codex:409003] while pc<len(b):
[codex:409003]     op=b[pc]
[codex:409003]     if 0x60 <= op <= 0x7f:
[codex:409003]         n=op-0x5f
[codex:409003]         data=b[pc+1:pc+1+n]
[codex:409003]         ops.append((pc,op,data))
[codex:409003]         pc+=1+n
[codex:409003]     else:
[codex:409003]         ops.append((pc,op,None))
[codex:409003]         pc+=1
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # opcodes mapping
[codex:409003] opnames={
[codex:409003] 0x00:'STOP',0x01:'ADD',0x02:'MUL',0x03:'SUB',0x04:'DIV',0x05:'SDIV',0x06:'MOD',0x07:'SMOD',0x08:'ADDMOD',0x09:'MULMOD',0x0a:'EXP',0x0b:'SIGNEXTEND',
[codex:409003] 0x10:'LT',0x11:'GT',0x12:'SLT',0x13:'SGT',0x14:'EQ',0x15:'ISZERO',0x16:'AND',0x17:'OR',0x18:'XOR',0x19:'NOT',0x1a:'BYTE',
[codex:409003] 0x20:'SHA3',
[codex:409003] 0x30:'ADDRESS',0x31:'BALANCE',0x32:'ORIGIN',0x33:'CALLER',0x34:'CALLVALUE',0x35:'CALLDATALOAD',0x36:'CALLDATASIZE',0x37:'CALLDATACOPY',0x38:'CODESIZE',0x39:'CODECOPY',0x3a:'GASPRICE',0x3b:'EXTCODESIZE',0x3c:'EXTCODECOPY',0x3d:'RETURNDATASIZE',0x3e:'RETURNDATACOPY',0x3f:'EXTCODEHASH',
[codex:409003] 0x40:'BLOCKHASH',0x41:'COINBASE',0x42:'TIMESTAMP',0x43:'NUMBER',0x44:'DIFFICULTY',0x45:'GASLIMIT',0x46:'CHAINID',0x47:'SELFBALANCE',0x48:'BASEFEE',
[codex:409003] 0x50:'POP',0x51:'MLOAD',0x52:'MSTORE',0x53:'MSTORE8',0x54:'SLOAD',0x55:'SSTORE',0x56:'JUMP',0x57:'JUMPI',0x58:'PC',0x59:'MSIZE',0x5a:'GAS',0x5b:'JUMPDEST',
[codex:409003] 0xf1:'CALL',0xf4:'DELEGATECALL',0xf3:'RETURN',0xfd:'REVERT',0xfe:'INVALID',0xff:'SELFDESTRUCT'
[codex:409003] }
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # filter ops between 0x0132 and 0x01fd
[codex:409003] segment=[o for o in ops if 0x0132<=o[0]<=0x01fd]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # simulate stack
[codex:409003] stack=['ret','arg0','arg1']
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def push(x): stack.append(x)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def pop(): return stack.pop()
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def dup(n): stack.append(stack[-n])
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def swap(n): stack[-1], stack[-1-n] = stack[-1-n], stack[-1]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def op_repr(op,data):
[codex:409003]     name=opnames.get(op,'OP%02x'%op)
[codex:409003]     if 0x60<=op<=0x7f:
[codex:409003]         return f\"{name} {int.from_bytes(data,'big')}\"
[codex:409003]     return name
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] for pc,op,data in segment:
[codex:409003]     name=opnames.get(op,'OP%02x'%op)
[codex:409003]     if 0x60<=op<=0x7f:
[codex:409003]         val=int.from_bytes(data,'big')
[codex:409003]         push(val)
[codex:409003]     elif 0x80<=op<=0x8f:
[codex:409003]         n=op-0x7f
[codex:409003]         dup(n)
[codex:409003]     elif 0x90<=op<=0x9f:
[codex:409003]         n=op-0x8f
[codex:409003]         swap(n)
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x54:  # SLOAD
[codex:409003]         slot=pop(); push(f'sload({slot})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x0a:  # EXP
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}**{b})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x04:  # DIV
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}/{b})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x16:  # AND
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}&{b})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x52:  # MSTORE
[codex:409003]         val=pop(); off=pop();
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x51:  # MLOAD
[codex:409003]         off=pop(); push(f'mem[{off}]')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x01:  # ADD
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}+{b})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x02:  # MUL
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}*{b})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x03:  # SUB
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(f'({a}-{b})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x3b:  # EXTCODESIZE
[codex:409003]         a=pop(); push(f'extcodesize({a})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x15:  # ISZERO
[codex:409003]         a=pop(); push(f'iszero({a})')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x56:  # JUMP
[codex:409003]         dest=pop()
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x57:  # JUMPI
[codex:409003]         dest=pop(); cond=pop()
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x50:  # POP
[codex:409003]         pop()
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x5a:  # GAS
[codex:409003]         push('gas')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0xf1:  # CALL
[codex:409003]         out_size=pop(); out_offset=pop(); in_size=pop(); in_offset=pop(); value=pop(); to=pop(); gas=pop();
[codex:409003]         push(f'call(to={to}, value={value}, in={in_offset}:{in_size}, out={out_offset}:{out_size}, gas={gas})')
[codex:409003]     else:
[codex:409003]         # ignore other ops for this segment
[codex:409003]         pass
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # print stack near CALL
[codex:409003] print('Final stack size:', len(stack))
[codex:409003] for i,x in enumerate(stack):
[codex:409003]     print(i,x)
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 25ms:
[codex:409003] Final stack size: 9
[codex:409003] 0 ret
[codex:409003] 1 arg0
[codex:409003] 2 arg1
[codex:409003] 3 0
[codex:409003] 4 0
[codex:409003] 5 ((((0**256)/sload(0))&1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975)&1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975)
[codex:409003] 6 4074379904
[codex:409003] 7 ((mem[64]+4)+32)
[codex:409003] 8 call(to=mem[64], value=(mem[64]-((mem[64]+4)+32)), in=mem[64]:0, out=((((0**256)/sload(0))&1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975)&1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975):(50-gas), gas=32)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Analyzing delegatecall target determination**
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] I’m working through the bytecode to track exactly how the CALL target address is chosen—whether from storage slot 0 or user input—by carefully simulating stack operations symbolically without simplifying arithmetic; this should clarify if an attacker can control the delegatecall target through calldata or if it’s locked to the stored registry address.
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] import re
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] hexstr='''6060604052361561004a576000357c0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000900463ffffffff168063c0ee0b8a14610053578063f3fef3a3146100d5575b6100515b5b565b005b341561005b57fe5b6100d3600480803573ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff1690602001909190803590602001909190803590602001908201803590602001908080601f0160208091040260200160405190810160405280939291908181526020018383808284378201915050505050509190505061012c565b005b34156100dd57fe5b610112600480803573ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff16906020019091908035906020019091905050610132565b604051808215151515815260200191505060405180910390f35b5b505050565b60006000600060009054906101000a900473ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff1673ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff1663f2da1a80856000604051602001526040518263ffffffff167c0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000028152600401808273ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff1673ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff168152602001915050602060405180830381600087803b15156101f857fe5b60325a03f1151561020557fe5b5050506040518051905073ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff16600036600060405160200152604051808383808284378201915050925050506020604051808303818560325a03f4151561025b57fe5b50506040518051905090507f48089fabc73f15b8c6a24d3fdea4a569a4b27661efa87ac952a9f13b0ed881a781604051808215151515815260200191505060405180910390a18091505b50929150505600a165627a7a723058203644ccc5b14e690665067724fe38dce434f92f8a195e459b5a3c4e2873bb9de00029'''
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] b=bytes.fromhex(hexstr)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # Build op list
[codex:409003] ops=[]
[codex:409003] pc=0
[codex:409003] while pc<len(b):
[codex:409003]     op=b[pc]
[codex:409003]     if 0x60 <= op <= 0x7f:
[codex:409003]         n=op-0x5f
[codex:409003]         data=b[pc+1:pc+1+n]
[codex:409003]         ops.append((pc,op,data))
[codex:409003]         pc+=1+n
[codex:409003]     else:
[codex:409003]         ops.append((pc,op,None))
[codex:409003]         pc+=1
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] opnames={
[codex:409003] 0x00:'STOP',0x01:'ADD',0x02:'MUL',0x03:'SUB',0x04:'DIV',0x05:'SDIV',0x06:'MOD',0x07:'SMOD',0x08:'ADDMOD',0x09:'MULMOD',0x0a:'EXP',0x0b:'SIGNEXTEND',
[codex:409003] 0x10:'LT',0x11:'GT',0x12:'SLT',0x13:'SGT',0x14:'EQ',0x15:'ISZERO',0x16:'AND',0x17:'OR',0x18:'XOR',0x19:'NOT',0x1a:'BYTE',
[codex:409003] 0x20:'SHA3',
[codex:409003] 0x30:'ADDRESS',0x31:'BALANCE',0x32:'ORIGIN',0x33:'CALLER',0x34:'CALLVALUE',0x35:'CALLDATALOAD',0x36:'CALLDATASIZE',0x37:'CALLDATACOPY',0x38:'CODESIZE',0x39:'CODECOPY',0x3a:'GASPRICE',0x3b:'EXTCODESIZE',0x3c:'EXTCODECOPY',0x3d:'RETURNDATASIZE',0x3e:'RETURNDATACOPY',0x3f:'EXTCODEHASH',
[codex:409003] 0x40:'BLOCKHASH',0x41:'COINBASE',0x42:'TIMESTAMP',0x43:'NUMBER',0x44:'DIFFICULTY',0x45:'GASLIMIT',0x46:'CHAINID',0x47:'SELFBALANCE',0x48:'BASEFEE',
[codex:409003] 0x50:'POP',0x51:'MLOAD',0x52:'MSTORE',0x53:'MSTORE8',0x54:'SLOAD',0x55:'SSTORE',0x56:'JUMP',0x57:'JUMPI',0x58:'PC',0x59:'MSIZE',0x5a:'GAS',0x5b:'JUMPDEST',
[codex:409003] 0xf1:'CALL',0xf4:'DELEGATECALL',0xf3:'RETURN',0xfd:'REVERT',0xfe:'INVALID',0xff:'SELFDESTRUCT'
[codex:409003] }
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # Symbolic expression class
[codex:409003] class Expr(str):
[codex:409003]     pass
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # operations produce new Expr
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def expr(op,a,b=None):
[codex:409003]     if b is None:
[codex:409003]         return Expr(f\"{op}({a})\")
[codex:409003]     return Expr(f\"({a} {op} {b})\")
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] # simulate from 0132 to 01fd
[codex:409003] segment=[o for o in ops if 0x0132<=o[0]<=0x01fd]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] stack=[Expr('ret'), Expr('arg0'), Expr('arg1')]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def push(x): stack.append(Expr(str(x)))
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def pop(): return stack.pop()
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def dup(n): stack.append(stack[-n])
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] def swap(n): stack[-1], stack[-1-n] = stack[-1-n], stack[-1]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] for pc,op,data in segment:
[codex:409003]     name=opnames.get(op, f'OP{op:02x}')
[codex:409003]     # print(pc, name, data.hex() if data else '')
[codex:409003]     if 0x60 <= op <= 0x7f:
[codex:409003]         push(int.from_bytes(data,'big'))
[codex:409003]     elif 0x80 <= op <= 0x8f:
[codex:409003]         dup(op-0x7f)
[codex:409003]     elif 0x90 <= op <= 0x9f:
[codex:409003]         swap(op-0x8f)
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x54:
[codex:409003]         slot=pop(); push(expr('sload',slot))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x0a:
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(expr('**',a,b))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x04:
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(expr('/',a,b))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x16:
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(expr('&',a,b))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x52:
[codex:409003]         val=pop(); off=pop();
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x51:
[codex:409003]         off=pop(); push(expr('mem',off))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x01:
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(expr('+',a,b))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x02:
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(expr('*',a,b))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x03:
[codex:409003]         b=pop(); a=pop(); push(expr('-',a,b))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x3b:
[codex:409003]         a=pop(); push(expr('extcodesize',a))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x15:
[codex:409003]         a=pop(); push(expr('iszero',a))
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x56:
[codex:409003]         dest=pop()
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x57:
[codex:409003]         dest=pop(); cond=pop()
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x50:
[codex:409003]         pop()
[codex:409003]     elif op==0x5a:
[codex:409003]         push('gas')
[codex:409003]     elif op==0xf1:
[codex:409003]         out_size=pop(); out_offset=pop(); in_size=pop(); in_offset=pop(); value=pop(); to=pop(); gas=pop();
[codex:409003]         push(Expr(f\"CALL(to={to}, value={value}, in={in_offset}:{in_size}, out={out_offset}:{out_size}, gas={gas})\"))
[codex:409003]     else:
[codex:409003]         # ignore other ops
[codex:409003]         pass
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] print('Stack size', len(stack))
[codex:409003] for i,x in enumerate(stack):
[codex:409003]     print(i, x)
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 25ms:
[codex:409003] Stack size 9
[codex:409003] 0 ret
[codex:409003] 1 arg0
[codex:409003] 2 arg1
[codex:409003] 3 0
[codex:409003] 4 0
[codex:409003] 5 ((((0 ** 256) / sload(0)) & 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975) & 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975)
[codex:409003] 6 4074379904
[codex:409003] 7 ((mem(64) + 4) + 32)
[codex:409003] 8 CALL(to=mem(64), value=(mem(64) - ((mem(64) + 4) + 32)), in=mem(64):0, out=((((0 ** 256) / sload(0)) & 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975) & 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975):(50 - gas), gas=32)
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Analyzing complex EVM stack behavior**
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] I'm working through the EVM bytecode step-by-step to manually trace the stack changes and understand why the CALL's target address appears as the free memory pointer (`mem[64]`). I'm re-examining stack operations like PUSH, SWAP, SLOAD, EXP, and DIV to see if the simulation or interpretation missed something subtle in how values are derived or manipulated before the CALL. There's a lot to untangle here!
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Dissecting storage reads and call argument setup**
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] I'm parsing the initial pushes and stack setup, realizing the zeros might be placeholders for call arguments rather than storage slots. The unusual EXP and DIV sequence puzzles me, possibly reflecting an optimized or obfuscated address extraction. This could mean the call target address computes as zero, causing revert, or the code relies on earlier stack values to override these zeros. I'm also considering the broader context and possible function selectors to guess the contract’s role.
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] import hashlib
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] candidates=[
[codex:409003]     'implementation()',
[codex:409003]     'implementation(address)',
[codex:409003]     'getImplementation(address)',
[codex:409003]     'getImplementation()',
[codex:409003]     'resolver(address)',
[codex:409003]     'resolve(address)',
[codex:409003]     'getAddress(address)',
[codex:409003]     'getAddress(bytes32)',
[codex:409003]     'get(bytes32)',
[codex:409003]     'getAddress()',
[codex:409003]     'getTarget(address)',
[codex:409003]     'target(address)',
[codex:409003]     'registry(address)',
[codex:409003]     'getModule(address)',
[codex:409003]     'module(address)',
[codex:409003]     'auth(address)',
[codex:409003]     'isAuthorized(address)',
[codex:409003]     'isAuthorized(address,address)',
[codex:409003]     'isAuthorized(address,address,bytes4)',
[codex:409003]     'canCall(address,address,bytes4)',
[codex:409003]     'authority(address)',
[codex:409003]     'getAuthority(address)',
[codex:409003]     'owner()',
[codex:409003]     'getOwner()',
[codex:409003] ]
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] sel='f2da1a80'
[codex:409003] for sig in candidates:
[codex:409003]     h=hashlib.new('sha3_256')
[codex:409003]     h.update(sig.encode())
[codex:409003]     s=h.hexdigest()[:8]
[codex:409003]     if s==sel:
[codex:409003]         print('match', sig)
[codex:409003]         break
[codex:409003] else:
[codex:409003]     print('no match')
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 22ms:
[codex:409003] no match
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Verifying keccak256 availability**
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
[codex:409003] try:
[codex:409003]     import sha3
[codex:409003]     print('sha3 module available')
[codex:409003]     k=sha3.keccak_256()
[codex:409003]     k.update(b'implementation()')
[codex:409003]     print(k.hexdigest()[:8])
[codex:409003] except Exception as e:
[codex:409003]     print('no sha3', e)
[codex:409003] PY" in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 17ms:
[codex:409003] no sha3 No module named 'sha3'
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Evaluating potential vulnerabilities in bytecode**
[codex:409003] exec
[codex:409003] /bin/bash -lc 'cat codex-output-schema.json' in /tmp/codex-multi-axaeh2j7 succeeded in 5ms:
[codex:409003] {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": false, "required": ["no_findings", "summary", "findings"], "properties": {"no_findings": {"type": "boolean"}, "summary": {"type": "string"}, "findings": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": false, "required": ["severity", "category", "title", "evidence", "locations", "exploit_scenario", "recommendation"], "properties": {"severity": {"type": "string", "enum": ["info", "low", "medium", "high", "critical"]}, "category": {"type": "string", "enum": ["access_control", "reentrancy", "math", "oracle", "upgradeability", "auth", "other"]}, "title": {"type": "string"}, "exploit_scenario": {"type": "string"}, "recommendation": {"type": "string"}, "evidence": {"type": "string"}, "locations": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}}}}}}
[codex:409003] 
[codex:409003] thinking
[codex:409003] **Preparing JSON report output**
[codex:409003] codex
[codex:409003] {"no_findings":true,"summary":"No concrete, bytecode-only profit extraction path identified; the runtime contains a fixed-slot external CALL and a DELEGATECALL with no in-contract way to change the target or transfer value.","findings":[]}
[codex:409003] tokens used
[codex:409003] 54,065
[codex:409003] {"no_findings":true,"summary":"No concrete, bytecode-only profit extraction path identified; the runtime contains a fixed-slot external CALL and a DELEGATECALL with no in-contract way to change the target or transfer value.","findings":[]}
Metadata 
{
    "codex": {
        "ran_at": "2026-01-04T09:32:33.653600+00:00",
        "returncode": 0
    },
    "summary": "No concrete, bytecode-only profit extraction path identified; the runtime contains a fixed-slot external CALL and a DELEGATECALL with no in-contract way to change the target or transfer value.",
    "raw_final": {
        "summary": "No concrete, bytecode-only profit extraction path identified; the runtime contains a fixed-slot external CALL and a DELEGATECALL with no in-contract way to change the target or transfer value.",
        "findings": [],
        "no_findings": true
    },
    "no_findings": true,
    "schema_version": 1
}

Opcode Heuristics

tool.cast_disasm
Delegatecall
1
Selfdestruct
0
CREATE2
0
CALL-family (heavy)
1
EXT*/BALANCE
2
Total opcodes
382
Flags
delegatecall_present
View cast disassembly output 
00000000: PUSH1 0x60
00000002: PUSH1 0x40
00000004: MSTORE
00000005: CALLDATASIZE
00000006: ISZERO
00000007: PUSH2 0x004a
0000000a: JUMPI
0000000b: PUSH1 0x00
0000000d: CALLDATALOAD
0000000e: PUSH29 0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000002c: SWAP1
0000002d: DIV
0000002e: PUSH4 0xffffffff
00000033: AND
00000034: DUP1
00000035: PUSH4 0xc0ee0b8a
0000003a: EQ
0000003b: PUSH2 0x0053
0000003e: JUMPI
0000003f: DUP1
00000040: PUSH4 0xf3fef3a3
00000045: EQ
00000046: PUSH2 0x00d5
00000049: JUMPI
0000004a: JUMPDEST
0000004b: PUSH2 0x0051
0000004e: JUMPDEST
0000004f: JUMPDEST
00000050: JUMP
00000051: JUMPDEST
00000052: STOP
00000053: JUMPDEST
00000054: CALLVALUE
00000055: ISZERO
00000056: PUSH2 0x005b
00000059: JUMPI
0000005a: INVALID
0000005b: JUMPDEST
0000005c: PUSH2 0x00d3
0000005f: PUSH1 0x04
00000061: DUP1
00000062: DUP1
00000063: CALLDATALOAD
00000064: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000079: AND
0000007a: SWAP1
0000007b: PUSH1 0x20
0000007d: ADD
0000007e: SWAP1
0000007f: SWAP2
00000080: SWAP1
00000081: DUP1
00000082: CALLDATALOAD
00000083: SWAP1
00000084: PUSH1 0x20
00000086: ADD
00000087: SWAP1
00000088: SWAP2
00000089: SWAP1
0000008a: DUP1
0000008b: CALLDATALOAD
0000008c: SWAP1
0000008d: PUSH1 0x20
0000008f: ADD
00000090: SWAP1
00000091: DUP3
00000092: ADD
00000093: DUP1
00000094: CALLDATALOAD
00000095: SWAP1
00000096: PUSH1 0x20
00000098: ADD
00000099: SWAP1
0000009a: DUP1
0000009b: DUP1
0000009c: PUSH1 0x1f
0000009e: ADD
0000009f: PUSH1 0x20
000000a1: DUP1
000000a2: SWAP2
000000a3: DIV
000000a4: MUL
000000a5: PUSH1 0x20
000000a7: ADD
000000a8: PUSH1 0x40
000000aa: MLOAD
000000ab: SWAP1
000000ac: DUP2
000000ad: ADD
000000ae: PUSH1 0x40
000000b0: MSTORE
000000b1: DUP1
000000b2: SWAP4
000000b3: SWAP3
000000b4: SWAP2
000000b5: SWAP1
000000b6: DUP2
000000b7: DUP2
000000b8: MSTORE
000000b9: PUSH1 0x20
000000bb: ADD
000000bc: DUP4
000000bd: DUP4
000000be: DUP1
000000bf: DUP3
000000c0: DUP5
000000c1: CALLDATACOPY
000000c2: DUP3
000000c3: ADD
000000c4: SWAP2
000000c5: POP
000000c6: POP
000000c7: POP
000000c8: POP
000000c9: POP
000000ca: POP
000000cb: SWAP2
000000cc: SWAP1
000000cd: POP
000000ce: POP
000000cf: PUSH2 0x012c
000000d2: JUMP
000000d3: JUMPDEST
000000d4: STOP
000000d5: JUMPDEST
000000d6: CALLVALUE
000000d7: ISZERO
000000d8: PUSH2 0x00dd
000000db: JUMPI
000000dc: INVALID
000000dd: JUMPDEST
000000de: PUSH2 0x0112
000000e1: PUSH1 0x04
000000e3: DUP1
000000e4: DUP1
000000e5: CALLDATALOAD
000000e6: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000000fb: AND
000000fc: SWAP1
000000fd: PUSH1 0x20
000000ff: ADD
00000100: SWAP1
00000101: SWAP2
00000102: SWAP1
00000103: DUP1
00000104: CALLDATALOAD
00000105: SWAP1
00000106: PUSH1 0x20
00000108: ADD
00000109: SWAP1
0000010a: SWAP2
0000010b: SWAP1
0000010c: POP
0000010d: POP
0000010e: PUSH2 0x0132
00000111: JUMP
00000112: JUMPDEST
00000113: PUSH1 0x40
00000115: MLOAD
00000116: DUP1
00000117: DUP3
00000118: ISZERO
00000119: ISZERO
0000011a: ISZERO
0000011b: ISZERO
0000011c: DUP2
0000011d: MSTORE
0000011e: PUSH1 0x20
00000120: ADD
00000121: SWAP2
00000122: POP
00000123: POP
00000124: PUSH1 0x40
00000126: MLOAD
00000127: DUP1
00000128: SWAP2
00000129: SUB
0000012a: SWAP1
0000012b: RETURN
0000012c: JUMPDEST
0000012d: JUMPDEST
0000012e: POP
0000012f: POP
00000130: POP
00000131: JUMP
00000132: JUMPDEST
00000133: PUSH1 0x00
00000135: PUSH1 0x00
00000137: PUSH1 0x00
00000139: PUSH1 0x00
0000013b: SWAP1
0000013c: SLOAD
0000013d: SWAP1
0000013e: PUSH2 0x0100
00000141: EXP
00000142: SWAP1
00000143: DIV
00000144: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000159: AND
0000015a: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
0000016f: AND
00000170: PUSH4 0xf2da1a80
00000175: DUP6
00000176: PUSH1 0x00
00000178: PUSH1 0x40
0000017a: MLOAD
0000017b: PUSH1 0x20
0000017d: ADD
0000017e: MSTORE
0000017f: PUSH1 0x40
00000181: MLOAD
00000182: DUP3
00000183: PUSH4 0xffffffff
00000188: AND
00000189: PUSH29 0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000001a7: MUL
000001a8: DUP2
000001a9: MSTORE
000001aa: PUSH1 0x04
000001ac: ADD
000001ad: DUP1
000001ae: DUP3
000001af: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000001c4: AND
000001c5: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000001da: AND
000001db: DUP2
000001dc: MSTORE
000001dd: PUSH1 0x20
000001df: ADD
000001e0: SWAP2
000001e1: POP
000001e2: POP
000001e3: PUSH1 0x20
000001e5: PUSH1 0x40
000001e7: MLOAD
000001e8: DUP1
000001e9: DUP4
000001ea: SUB
000001eb: DUP2
000001ec: PUSH1 0x00
000001ee: DUP8
000001ef: DUP1
000001f0: EXTCODESIZE
000001f1: ISZERO
000001f2: ISZERO
000001f3: PUSH2 0x01f8
000001f6: JUMPI
000001f7: INVALID
000001f8: JUMPDEST
000001f9: PUSH1 0x32
000001fb: GAS
000001fc: SUB
000001fd: CALL
000001fe: ISZERO
000001ff: ISZERO
00000200: PUSH2 0x0205
00000203: JUMPI
00000204: INVALID
00000205: JUMPDEST
00000206: POP
00000207: POP
00000208: POP
00000209: PUSH1 0x40
0000020b: MLOAD
0000020c: DUP1
0000020d: MLOAD
0000020e: SWAP1
0000020f: POP
00000210: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000225: AND
00000226: PUSH1 0x00
00000228: CALLDATASIZE
00000229: PUSH1 0x00
0000022b: PUSH1 0x40
0000022d: MLOAD
0000022e: PUSH1 0x20
00000230: ADD
00000231: MSTORE
00000232: PUSH1 0x40
00000234: MLOAD
00000235: DUP1
00000236: DUP4
00000237: DUP4
00000238: DUP1
00000239: DUP3
0000023a: DUP5
0000023b: CALLDATACOPY
0000023c: DUP3
0000023d: ADD
0000023e: SWAP2
0000023f: POP
00000240: POP
00000241: SWAP3
00000242: POP
00000243: POP
00000244: POP
00000245: PUSH1 0x20
00000247: PUSH1 0x40
00000249: MLOAD
0000024a: DUP1
0000024b: DUP4
0000024c: SUB
0000024d: DUP2
0000024e: DUP6
0000024f: PUSH1 0x32
00000251: GAS
00000252: SUB
00000253: DELEGATECALL
00000254: ISZERO
00000255: ISZERO
00000256: PUSH2 0x025b
00000259: JUMPI
0000025a: INVALID
0000025b: JUMPDEST
0000025c: POP
0000025d: POP
0000025e: PUSH1 0x40
00000260: MLOAD
00000261: DUP1
00000262: MLOAD
00000263: SWAP1
00000264: POP
00000265: SWAP1
00000266: POP
00000267: PUSH32 0x48089fabc73f15b8c6a24d3fdea4a569a4b27661efa87ac952a9f13b0ed881a7
00000288: DUP2
00000289: PUSH1 0x40
0000028b: MLOAD
0000028c: DUP1
0000028d: DUP3
0000028e: ISZERO
0000028f: ISZERO
00000290: ISZERO
00000291: ISZERO
00000292: DUP2
00000293: MSTORE
00000294: PUSH1 0x20
00000296: ADD
00000297: SWAP2
00000298: POP
00000299: POP
0000029a: PUSH1 0x40
0000029c: MLOAD
0000029d: DUP1
0000029e: SWAP2
0000029f: SUB
000002a0: SWAP1
000002a1: LOG1
000002a2: DUP1
000002a3: SWAP2
000002a4: POP
000002a5: JUMPDEST
000002a6: POP
000002a7: SWAP3
000002a8: SWAP2
000002a9: POP
000002aa: POP
000002ab: JUMP
000002ac: STOP
000002ad: LOG1
000002ae: PUSH6 0x627a7a723058
000002b5: KECCAK256
000002b6: CALLDATASIZE
000002b7: DIFFICULTY
000002b8: UNKNOWN(0xCC)
000002b9: UNKNOWN(0xC5)
000002ba: UNKNOWN(0xB1)
000002bb: UNKNOWN(0x4E)
000002bc: PUSH10 0x0665067724fe38dce434
000002c7: UNKNOWN(0xF9)
000002c8: UNKNOWN(0x2F)
000002c9: DUP11
000002ca: NOT
000002cb: MCOPY
000002cc: GASLIMIT
000002cd: SWAP12
000002ce: GAS
000002cf: EXTCODECOPY
000002d0: UNKNOWN(0x4E)
000002d1: UNKNOWN(0x28)
000002d2: PUSH20

Findings

validated = confirmed for call sinks; sink observed for others
Severity Category Tool Title Confidence Validated Confirmed Details
critical upgradeability detector Untrusted DELEGATECALL target reachable 70 no no
view
trace_id: 0x0e55a52dc3d89a01c79ea605b993cfed0be4f02f61dca93686056cf20a857d1a
call_targets: 0x1932311b32da91862920fc22f6326ce403e17bf6
target_varies: no
classification: constant_target
validation_json 
{
    "sink": "DELEGATECALL",
    "errors": 0,
    "status": "sink_reached",
    "attempts": 25,
    "trace_id": "0x0e55a52dc3d89a01c79ea605b993cfed0be4f02f61dca93686056cf20a857d1a",
    "confirmed": false,
    "trace_mode": "callTracer",
    "call_targets": [
        "0x1932311b32da91862920fc22f6326ce403e17bf6"
    ],
    "matched_probe": null,
    "target_varies": false,
    "classification": "constant_target"
}
witness_json 
{
    "notes": "heuristic witness; entrypoints are best-effort selectors with zeroed calldata",
    "constraints": [],
    "entrypoints": [
        {
            "calldata": "0xffffffff",
            "selector": "0xffffffff",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xffffffff",
                "0xffffffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0xc0ee0b8a",
            "selector": "0xc0ee0b8a",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xc0ee0b8a",
                "0xc0ee0b8a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0xf3fef3a3",
            "selector": "0xf3fef3a3",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xf3fef3a3",
                "0xf3fef3a30000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        }
    ]
}
evidence_json 
{
    "examples": [
        {
            "pc": 595,
            "opcode": "DELEGATECALL",
            "returndata_checked": null,
            "value_expression_category": "n/a",
            "target_expression_category": "computed"
        }
    ],
    "guards_detected": [],
    "delegatecall_count": 1,
    "untrusted_delegatecall_count": 1
}
high other detector ETH value transfer possible 55 no no
view
trace_id: 0xd151894d65614b9c8c89f3829343de1780ed6f013cdaafa2e3e7439699f2bb69
call_targets: 0x017b187fd04b040aa40700c45b4347f463a8c2d2
target_varies: no
classification: constant_target
validation_json 
{
    "sink": "CALL",
    "errors": 0,
    "status": "sink_reached",
    "attempts": 1,
    "trace_id": "0xd151894d65614b9c8c89f3829343de1780ed6f013cdaafa2e3e7439699f2bb69",
    "confirmed": false,
    "trace_mode": "callTracer",
    "call_targets": [
        "0x017b187fd04b040aa40700c45b4347f463a8c2d2"
    ],
    "matched_probe": null,
    "target_varies": false,
    "classification": "constant_target"
}
witness_json 
{
    "notes": "heuristic witness; entrypoints are best-effort selectors with zeroed calldata",
    "constraints": [],
    "entrypoints": [
        {
            "calldata": "0xffffffff",
            "selector": "0xffffffff",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xffffffff",
                "0xffffffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0xc0ee0b8a",
            "selector": "0xc0ee0b8a",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xc0ee0b8a",
                "0xc0ee0b8a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0xf3fef3a3",
            "selector": "0xf3fef3a3",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xf3fef3a3",
                "0xf3fef3a30000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        }
    ]
}
evidence_json 
{
    "examples": [
        {
            "pc": 509,
            "opcode": "CALL",
            "returndata_checked": null,
            "value_expression_category": "computed",
            "target_expression_category": "computed"
        }
    ],
    "eth_value_calls": 1,
    "guards_detected": []
}
high other detector Untrusted CALL target/value reachable 60 no no
view
trace_id: 0xd151894d65614b9c8c89f3829343de1780ed6f013cdaafa2e3e7439699f2bb69
call_targets: 0x017b187fd04b040aa40700c45b4347f463a8c2d2
target_varies: no
classification: constant_target
validation_json 
{
    "sink": "CALL",
    "errors": 0,
    "status": "sink_reached",
    "attempts": 1,
    "trace_id": "0xd151894d65614b9c8c89f3829343de1780ed6f013cdaafa2e3e7439699f2bb69",
    "confirmed": false,
    "trace_mode": "callTracer",
    "call_targets": [
        "0x017b187fd04b040aa40700c45b4347f463a8c2d2"
    ],
    "matched_probe": null,
    "target_varies": false,
    "classification": "constant_target"
}
witness_json 
{
    "notes": "heuristic witness; entrypoints are best-effort selectors with zeroed calldata",
    "constraints": [],
    "entrypoints": [
        {
            "calldata": "0xffffffff",
            "selector": "0xffffffff",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xffffffff",
                "0xffffffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0xc0ee0b8a",
            "selector": "0xc0ee0b8a",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xc0ee0b8a",
                "0xc0ee0b8a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0xf3fef3a3",
            "selector": "0xf3fef3a3",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xf3fef3a3",
                "0xf3fef3a30000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        }
    ]
}
evidence_json 
{
    "examples": [
        {
            "pc": 509,
            "opcode": "CALL",
            "returndata_checked": null,
            "value_expression_category": "computed",
            "target_expression_category": "computed"
        }
    ],
    "call_count": 1,
    "guards_detected": [],
    "untrusted_call_count": 1
}
medium upgradeability cast DELEGATECALL present 80 no —
view
evidence_json 
{
    "notes": "delegatecall enables execution in caller context; common in proxies/upgradeable patterns",
    "delegatecall_count": 1
}