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Tripwire
Find contracts. Test them. Review real vulns.

Analysis Run

019ba9bc-ecb2-71f9-8ac6-8e077355b1d4

complete
Chain ID
1
Address
Block Number
Created
Sat, Jan 10, 2026 9:08 PM
Review Summary

What survived the funnel

Open this run to answer one question: is this real attacker-relevant behavior with real impact, or just normal contract plumbing?

Confirmed
0
Validated
0
Source
Verified
Review Backing
Present
Best current signal
Untrusted DELEGATECALL target reachable
crit 0 high 0 proxy context implementation known
Review Checklist
1. Read the findings table first. Ignore raw jobs until the result looks real.
2. Confirm attacker control, not just the existence of a sink.
3. Confirm money or privilege impact.
4. Keep it if the behavior is real. Kill it if this is normal proxy, admin, or upgrade plumbing.

Processing Jobs

Status & attempts
ID Type Status Attempts Heartbeat
37860 artifact.fetch complete 1 / 3 3 months ago
37861 proxy.resolve complete 1 / 3 3 months ago
37862 tool.cast_disasm complete 1 / 3 3 months ago
37863 analysis.bundle complete 1 / 3 3 months ago
37864 capability.graph complete 1 / 3 3 months ago
37865 detector.run complete 1 / 3 3 months ago
37866 validation.fork complete 1 / 3 3 months ago
37957 report.consolidate complete 1 / 6 3 months ago

Artifact

Runtime bytecode: available
Creation TX:
Deployer:
Proxy: yes onchain_only
Verified Source: yes
Proxy evidence
{
    "method": "eip1967",
    "status": "onchain_only",
    "implementation": "0xa6f27fa3c60ec70d5ac7ea53cad339498bc1580e",
    "onchain_method": "eip1967"
}

Slither

tool.slither

No slither job recorded yet.

Codex

report.consolidate
Job Status
complete
Attempts
1 / 6
Findings
1
No findings?
no
Summary
Bytecode inspection shows tx.origin is used in conditional checks that appear to gate execution; no delegatecall or proxy/upgrade patterns detected in this implementation.
View stdout
{"no_findings":false,"summary":"Bytecode inspection shows tx.origin is used in conditional checks that appear to gate execution; no delegatecall or proxy/upgrade patterns detected in this implementation.","findings":[{"severity":"low","category":"access_control","title":"tx.origin-based gating/authorization is fragile and can be bypassed or break smart contract wallet support","exploit_scenario":"If a privileged path relies on tx.origin (e.g., msg.sender == tx.origin or origin comparisons) as its primary gate, a malicious contract can potentially bypass intent via delegatecall-based wrappers or by tricking an authorized EOA into initiating a transaction, leading to unintended execution of sensitive logic. Even when used as an \"EOA-only\" check, it blocks contract wallets and meta-transactions, and provides weak security guarantees.","recommendation":"Avoid tx.origin for authorization. Use msg.sender plus explicit role/owner checks and, if EOA-only behavior is truly needed, rely on explicit allowlists or signature-based authorization that works with smart accounts.","evidence":"Basic block at pc 0x5e7 shows `CALLER`, `ORIGIN`, `DUP2`, `EQ`, `JUMPI`, indicating a msg.sender == tx.origin check. Another origin equality check appears at pc 0x18f0 (`ORIGIN`, `PUSH1`, `EQ`). Detector summary flags tx_origin_used at these PCs.","locations":["pc:0x5e7","pc:0x18f0"]}]}
View stderr
OpenAI Codex v0.77.0 (research preview)
--------
workdir: /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3
model: gpt-5.2-codex
provider: openai
approval: never
sandbox: read-only
reasoning effort: high
reasoning summaries: auto
session id: 019baa1c-857f-76b2-bb24-8e214f84da12
--------
user
Context: The user requested the proxy at 0x0d6e11e2a3b2b3a245bf839c07d775983acb787d.
Audit the implementation at 0xa6f27fa3c60ec70d5ac7ea53cad339498bc1580e.
Findings should refer to the implementation unless explicitly about proxy mechanics.

You are a security auditor. You ONLY have runtime bytecode + analysis artifacts.
You MUST read `BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json` before concluding; it contains the bytecode summary,
evidence bundle, callsites, storage slots, and detector findings.

Special cases when reasoning from bytecode (be explicit about uncertainty):
- Selector inference is best-effort; missing selectors are common.
- Fallback/receive paths may be the only entrypoints.
- CALL vs DELEGATECALL semantics differ; DELEGATECALL executes in caller storage.
- Proxy patterns (EIP-1967, minimal proxies, beacon) change which storage is authoritative.
- Storage slots are raw; mappings/arrays appear via keccak patterns, names are unknown.
- Guard detection is heuristic; absence of guards does NOT mean unguarded.
- Returndata checking is unknown unless explicitly shown in evidence.
- Precompiles (0x1..0x9) and common ERC20 transfer selectors may appear; do not over-claim.

Output MUST be valid JSON matching the provided schema.
- If you find nothing meaningful: set no_findings=true and findings=[].
- Otherwise: set no_findings=false and include findings with severity/category/title.
- Locations can be pc references like "pc:0x123" or selectors like "selector:0xa9059cbb".

Focus on: reentrancy, access control, upgradeability/proxy issues, signature validation,
accounting/invariant breaks, dangerous delegatecall, and untrusted external calls.
Be conservative: if evidence is weak, mark severity low/medium and explain why.
mcp startup: no servers

thinking
**Searching for BYTECODE_BUNDLE**
exec
/bin/bash -lc ls in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 5ms:
BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json
codex-output-schema.json

thinking
**Reading the bundle**
exec
/bin/bash -lc 'cat BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json' in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 13ms:
{
  "analysis_artifact": {
    "address": "0xa6f27fa3c60ec70d5ac7ea53cad339498bc1580e",
    "artifact_hash": "0x51c47b8db5e6457e4d2597b1b276b58df4bcb4d223327b7f284e42ada6b4e9fe",
    "artifact_json": {
      "auth": {
        "guards": [
          {
            "pc": 1515,
            "type": "tx_origin_used"
          },
          {
            "pc": 6388,
            "type": "tx_origin_used"
          },
          {
            "pc": 1513,
            "type": "tx_origin_used"
          },
          {

thinking
**Investigating artifact contents**
exec
/bin/bash -lc 'rg -n "storage|slot|slots|evidence|selector" BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json | head -n 50' in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 30ms:
18114:      "dispatcher_type": "selector_jump_table",
18118:          "selector": "0xe965084c"
18122:          "selector": "0xe9e05c42"
18126:          "selector": "0xf0498750"
18130:          "selector": "0xcff0ab96"
18134:          "selector": "0xd53a822f"
18138:          "selector": "0x8b4c40b0"
18142:          "selector": "0x8c3152e9"
18146:          "selector": "0x9bf62d82"
18150:          "selector": "0xa14238e7"
18154:          "selector": "0x5c975abb"
18158:          "selector": "0x6dbffb78"
18162:          "selector": "0x724c184c"
18166:          "selector": "0x8456cb59"
18170:          "selector": "0x3f4ba83a"
18174:          "selector": "0x4870496f"
18178:          "selector": "0x54fd4d50"
18182:          "selector": "0xffffffff"
18218:          "selector": "0xe965084c",
18225:          "storage": {

thinking
**Extracting function information from artifact JSON**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "sed -n '18090,18280p' BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 24ms:
          "type": "control_flow_fallthrough"
        },
        {
          "from": "bb:21832",
          "to": "bb:20694",
          "type": "control_flow"
        },
        {
          "from": "bb:21854",
          "to": "bb:21880",
          "type": "control_flow"
        },
        {
          "from": "bb:21854",
          "to": "bb:21873",
          "type": "control_flow_fallthrough"
        },
        {
          "from": "bb:21873",
          "to": "bb:20624",

thinking
**Extracting function details**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
from pprint import pprint
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
funcs=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['functions']
print('functions',len(funcs))
for fn in funcs:
    print(fn.get('selector'), 'entry_pc', fn.get('entry_pc'), 'sinks', fn.get('sinks'))
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 46ms:
functions 17
0xe965084c entry_pc 3915712588 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0xe9e05c42 entry_pc 4031350608 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0xf0498750 entry_pc None sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0xcff0ab96 entry_pc 3577381423 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0xd53a822f entry_pc None sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x8b4c40b0 entry_pc 2352042729 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x8c3152e9 entry_pc 2616601986 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x9bf62d82 entry_pc 2705471719 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0xa14238e7 entry_pc None sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x5c975abb entry_pc 1553423035 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x6dbffb78 entry_pc 1917589580 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x724c184c entry_pc 2220280665 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x8456cb59 entry_pc None sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x3f4ba83a entry_pc 1215318383 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x4870496f entry_pc 1425886544 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0x54fd4d50 entry_pc None sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}
0xffffffff entry_pc 19086 sinks {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7}

thinking
**Analyzing function structure and storage**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
from pprint import pprint
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
fn=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['functions'][0]
pprint(fn)
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 56ms:
{'auth': {'guards': [{'pc': 1515, 'type': 'tx_origin_used'},
                     {'pc': 6388, 'type': 'tx_origin_used'},
                     {'pc': 1513, 'type': 'tx_origin_used'},
                     {'pc': 1713,
                      'type': 'msg_sender_eq_const',
                      'value': '0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff'},
                     {'pc': 4020,
                      'type': 'msg_sender_eq_const',
                      'value': '0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff'},
                     {'pc': 6385, 'type': 'tx_origin_used'}]},
 'entry_pc': 3915712588,
 'selector': '0xe965084c',
 'sinks': {'call': 1, 'delegatecall': 0, 'selfdestruct': 0, 'staticcall': 7},
 'storage': {'reads': 36,
             'slots': [{'op': 'SLOAD',
                        'pc': 514,
                        'slot': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000035'},
                       {'op': 'SLOAD',
                        'pc': 693,
                        'slot': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000032'},

thinking
**Analyzing suspicious CALL and tx.origin usage**

I'm examining whether use of tx.origin in authorization is present and risky, noting it's a common vulnerability. I’m also trying to understand CALL instructions targeting the same contract address—possibly internal calls without reentrancy risks. There’s a need to verify callsite details in the artifact JSON, so I'll search for "callsites" using Python to gather concrete evidence.
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
from pprint import pprint
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
# find callsites with more info
callsites=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json'].get('callsites')
print('callsites', type(callsites), len(callsites) if callsites else None)
if callsites:
    pprint(callsites[:10])
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 71ms:
callsites <class 'list'> 8
[{'opcode': 'STATICCALL',
  'pc': 2428,
  'returndata_checked': None,
  'target_expression_category': 'computed',
  'value_expression_category': 'n/a'},
 {'opcode': 'STATICCALL',
  'pc': 2909,
  'returndata_checked': None,
  'target_expression_category': 'computed',
  'value_expression_category': 'n/a'},
 {'opcode': 'STATICCALL',
  'pc': 3933,
  'returndata_checked': None,
  'target_expression_category': 'constant',
  'value_expression_category': 'n/a'},
 {'opcode': 'STATICCALL',
  'pc': 4920,
  'returndata_checked': None,
  'target_expression_category': 'computed',

thinking
**Inspecting artifact details**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
print(data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json'].keys())
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 31ms:
dict_keys(['auth', 'basic_blocks', 'callsites', 'cfg_edges', 'cfg_hash', 'dispatcher_type', 'function_entries', 'functions', 'selectors', 'sinks', 'storage', 'version'])

thinking
**Analyzing selectors list**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
from pprint import pprint
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
selectors=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json'].get('selectors')
print('selectors',len(selectors))
pprint(selectors)
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 63ms:
selectors 17
['0xe965084c',
 '0xe9e05c42',
 '0xf0498750',
 '0xcff0ab96',
 '0xd53a822f',
 '0x8b4c40b0',
 '0x8c3152e9',
 '0x9bf62d82',
 '0xa14238e7',
 '0x5c975abb',
 '0x6dbffb78',
 '0x724c184c',
 '0x8456cb59',
 '0x3f4ba83a',
 '0x4870496f',
 '0x54fd4d50',
 '0xffffffff']

thinking
**Inspecting global storage setup**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
from pprint import pprint
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
storage=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json'].get('storage')
print(storage.keys())
print('reads',storage.get('reads'),'writes',storage.get('writes'))
# unique slots
slots=storage.get('slots',[])
uniq=sorted({s['slot'] for s in slots})
print('unique slots',len(uniq))
print(uniq[:20])
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 62ms:
dict_keys(['keccak_count', 'reads', 'slots', 'writes'])
reads 36 writes 15
unique slots 5
['0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001', '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010', '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000032', '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000035']

thinking
**Checking written storage slots**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
from pprint import pprint
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
storage=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['storage']['slots']
# filter sstore
sstore=[s for s in storage if s['op']=='SSTORE']
print('sstore',len(sstore))
for s in sstore:
    print(s)
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 46ms:
sstore 0

thinking
**Investigating storage writes and opcode usage**

I'm puzzling over why no SSTORE operations appear despite 'writes' being counted as 15; perhaps writes come from calls like CALLCODE or precompiles, or SSTOREs aren't getting logged. I'm also checking suspicious auth patterns like tx.origin usage and unusual msg.sender addresses, while planning to analyze bytecode around a specific PC address to clarify these behaviors.
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
blocks=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['basic_blocks']
# find blocks containing pc 1513 and 1515 etc
for target in [1513,1515,1713,4020,6385,6388,8569]:
    blk = next((b for b in blocks if b.get('start_pc')<=target<=b.get('end_pc')), None)
    print('pc',target,'block',blk.get('start_pc') if blk else None, blk.get('end_pc') if blk else None)
    if blk:
        print(blk.get('opcodes')[:50])
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 32ms:
pc 1513 block 1511 1519
['JUMPDEST', 'CALLER', 'ORIGIN', 'OP_81', 'EQ', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 1515 block 1511 1519
['JUMPDEST', 'CALLER', 'ORIGIN', 'OP_81', 'EQ', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 1713 block 1712 1773
['JUMPDEST', 'CALLER', 'PUSH20', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'EQ', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 4020 block 4019 4080
['JUMPDEST', 'CALLER', 'PUSH20', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'EQ', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 6385 block 6384 6388
['POP', 'ORIGIN', 'PUSH1', 'EQ']
pc 6388 block 6384 6388
['POP', 'ORIGIN', 'PUSH1', 'EQ']
pc 8569 block 8556 8578
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'OP_84', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_86', 'ADD', 'OP_87', 'OP_8A', 'GAS', 'CALL', 'OP_96', 'OP_95', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'JUMP']

thinking
**Analyzing opcode patterns for authorization checks**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
blocks=[b for b in data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['basic_blocks'] if b.get('start_pc')>=8400 and b.get('start_pc')<=8600]
for b in sorted(blocks,key=lambda x:x['start_pc']):
    print('block',b['start_pc'],b['end_pc'])
    print(b['opcodes'])
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 31ms:
block 8426 8434
['RETURNDATASIZE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'RETURNDATACOPY', 'RETURNDATASIZE', 'PUSH1', 'REVERT']
block 8435 8470
['JUMPDEST', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'RETURNDATASIZE', 'PUSH1', 'NOT', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'AND', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'OP_80', 'PUSH1', 'MSTORE', 'POP', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']
block 8471 8480
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH2', 'OP_90', 'OP_83', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']
block 8481 8488
['JUMPDEST', 'TIMESTAMP', 'GT', 'OP_92', 'OP_91', 'POP', 'POP', 'JUMP']
block 8489 8509
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'OP_86', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'MUL', 'DIV', 'GAS', 'LT', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
block 8510 8555
['PUSH4', 'PUSH1', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH25', 'PUSH1', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'REVERT']
block 8556 8578
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'OP_84', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_86', 'ADD', 'OP_87', 'OP_8A', 'GAS', 'CALL', 'OP_96', 'OP_95', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'JUMP']
block 8579 8594
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH2', 'OP_90', 'DIV', 'PUSH1', 'AND', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
block 8595 8729
['PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']

thinking
**Analyzing EVM CALL operations and target patterns**

I'm piecing together how call 8569 works, suspecting it's part of a meta-transaction executor or wallet pattern that calls the contract itself or other targets. I’m trying to decode call arguments and check selectors against known contracts like Gnosis Safe or Timelock, plus examining staticcalls to precompiles like ecrecover to detect signature verification. The strategy involves analyzing nearby basic blocks and storage slots to clarify the contract’s behavior and call context.
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
blocks=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['basic_blocks']
# helper to show block
for target in [2428,2909,3933,4920,5533,8418,8946]:
    blk = next((b for b in blocks if b.get('start_pc')<=target<=b.get('end_pc')), None)
    print('pc',target,'block',blk.get('start_pc') if blk else None,'-',blk.get('end_pc') if blk else None)
    if blk:
        print(blk['opcodes'])
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 37ms:
pc 2428 block 2303 - 2435
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_85', 'OP_90', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_90', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'OP_90', 'PUSH4', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'OP_86', 'GAS', 'STATICCALL', 'ISZERO', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 2909 block 2762 - 2916
['POP', 'OP_80', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'OP_90', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH16', 'OP_90', 'OP_91', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'OP_90', 'PUSH4', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'OP_86', 'GAS', 'STATICCALL', 'ISZERO', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 3933 block 3804 - 3940
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_82', 'OP_90', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'OP_90', 'PUSH20', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'OP_90', 'PUSH4', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'OP_86', 'GAS', 'STATICCALL', 'ISZERO', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 4920 block 4830 - 4927
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'PUSH4', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_81', 'PUSH4', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'SHL', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'OP_86', 'GAS', 'STATICCALL', 'ISZERO', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 5533 block 5385 - 5540
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'OP_90', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH16', 'OP_90', 'OP_91', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_90', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'OP_90', 'PUSH4', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'OP_86', 'GAS', 'STATICCALL', 'ISZERO', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 8418 block 8326 - 8425
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'PUSH4', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_81', 'PUSH4', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'SHL', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'OP_86', 'GAS', 'STATICCALL', 'ISZERO', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
pc 8946 block 8806 - 8953
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_82', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'OP_82', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_82', 'ADD', 'OP_81', 'OP_90', 'MSTORE', 'OP_91', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_82', 'OP_90', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_82', 'OP_90', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_82', 'OP_90', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'OP_91', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH32', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'PUSH4', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_81', 'PUSH4', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'SHL', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'OP_86', 'GAS', 'STATICCALL', 'ISZERO', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']

thinking
**Analyzing staticcall usage and access control**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
for fn in data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['functions']:
    slots=fn.get('storage',{}).get('slots',[])
    sstore=[s for s in slots if s.get('op')=='SSTORE']
    if sstore:
        print(fn['selector'], sstore)
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 30ms:


thinking
**Investigating absence of SSTORE operations**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
blocks=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['basic_blocks']
count=0
for b in blocks:
    if any('SSTORE'==op for op in b.get('opcodes',[])):
        count+=1
        print('block',b['start_pc'],b['end_pc'],b['opcodes'])
print('total',count)
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 33ms:
block 1909 1992 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'CALLER', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH32', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'ADD']
block 3447 3640 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_82', 'MSTORE', 'OP_85', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH16', 'TIMESTAMP', 'OP_81', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'OP_84', 'ADD', 'OP_91', 'OP_82', 'MSTORE', 'OP_8C', 'OP_83', 'AND', 'OP_84', 'OP_86', 'ADD', 'OP_90', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_89', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_83', 'MSTORE', 'OP_86', 'OP_81', 'SHA3', 'OP_95', 'MLOAD', 'OP_86', 'SSTORE', 'OP_92', 'MLOAD', 'OP_90', 'MLOAD', 'OP_84', 'AND', 'PUSH17', 'MUL', 'OP_93', 'AND', 'OP_92', 'OP_90', 'OP_92', 'OR', 'PUSH1', 'OP_90', 'OP_93', 'ADD', 'OP_92', 'OP_90', 'OP_92', 'SSTORE', 'OP_8B', 'OP_83', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'OP_90', 'OP_8C', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'OP_92', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH20', 'OP_91', 'OP_82', 'AND', 'OP_93', 'OP_90', 'OP_91', 'AND', 'OP_91', 'OP_86', 'OP_91', 'PUSH32', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'OP_A4', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'POP', 'JUMP']
block 4215 4305 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'CALLER', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH32', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']
block 6104 6265 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_83', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'OP_90', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'OP_83', 'SHA3', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'OP_90', 'OP_86', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH20', 'OP_90', 'OP_92', 'AND', 'PUSH32', 'OP_90', 'OP_92', 'AND', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'OP_91', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'OP_85', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_86', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_87', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_88', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH2', 'OP_93', 'OP_92', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']
block 6266 6366 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'PUSH2', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_90', 'OP_91', 'POP', 'OP_84', 'OP_90', 'PUSH32', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'OP_90', 'OP_84', 'ISZERO', 'ISZERO', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'OP_90', 'JUMP']
block 6697 6746 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'OP_80', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
block 6747 6790 ['PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'PUSH2', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE']
block 6791 6888 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'PUSH2', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'OP_83', 'ISZERO', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH32', 'OP_90', 'OP_91', 'AND', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'PUSH2', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']
block 6896 6987 ['PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'SLOAD', 'PUSH32', 'AND', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH32', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'OP_80', 'OP_91', 'SUB', 'OP_90', 'OP_A1']
block 7367 7429 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH16', 'AND', 'PUSH25', 'PUSH8', 'NUMBER', 'AND', 'MUL', 'OR', 'PUSH1', 'SSTORE', 'POP', 'POP']
block 7481 7572 ['JUMPDEST', 'OP_92', 'POP', 'PUSH2', 'EXP', 'OP_81', 'SLOAD', 'OP_81', 'PUSH8', 'MUL', 'NOT', 'AND', 'OP_90', 'OP_83', 'PUSH8', 'AND', 'MUL', 'OR', 'OP_90', 'SSTORE', 'POP', 'OP_81', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH4', 'AND', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_90', 'SLOAD', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'EXP', 'OP_90', 'DIV', 'PUSH8', 'AND', 'PUSH8', 'AND', 'SGT', 'ISZERO', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
block 8730 8805 ['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'OP_80', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'ADD', 'OP_82', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH4', 'OP_80', 'OP_82', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH1', 'PUSH1', 'OP_83', 'ADD', 'MSTORE', 'NUMBER', 'PUSH8', 'AND', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'OP_92', 'ADD', 'OP_81', 'OP_90', 'MSTORE', 'PUSH25', 'MUL', 'OR', 'PUSH1', 'SSTORE', 'JUMP']
total 12


thinking
**Analyzing smart contract storage and security**

I'm examining numerous storage operations and how the contract employs guards like `tx.origin` and `msg.sender == 0xffff...` for access control. The contract seems to use calls (including a self-call) with limited evidence of reentrancy protections, so I'll carefully highlight a potential phishing risk from `tx.origin` usage and missing external call return checks, while noting no delegatecall or proxy patterns. I want to clarify storage slot usage, signature verification, and whether these guards protect critical functions to form conservative security findings.
thinking
**Evaluating access control and call patterns**

I'm pinpointing `tx.origin` guard usage at specific program counters and examining hardcoded privileged addresses like 0xffff... which may restrict function access but likely not security flaws. I’m also analyzing external call behavior, especially regarding return value checks, but unclear evidence prevents firm conclusions. Overall, I’m gathering evidence to detail findings on authorization checks and call handling while avoiding speculative claims.
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
blocks=data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['basic_blocks']
for b in blocks:
    if 'ORIGIN' in b.get('opcodes',[]):
        print('block',b['start_pc'],b['end_pc'],b['opcodes'])
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 35ms:
block 1511 1519 ['JUMPDEST', 'CALLER', 'ORIGIN', 'OP_81', 'EQ', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
block 6384 6388 ['POP', 'ORIGIN', 'PUSH1', 'EQ']

thinking
**Analyzing tx.origin usage in access control**
exec
/bin/bash -lc "python - <<'PY'
import json
with open('BYTECODE_BUNDLE.json') as f:
    data=json.load(f)
blocks=[b for b in data['analysis_artifact']['artifact_json']['basic_blocks'] if 1450<=b.get('start_pc')<=1600]
for b in sorted(blocks,key=lambda x:x['start_pc']):
    print('block',b['start_pc'],b['end_pc'])
    print(b['opcodes'])
PY" in /tmp/codex-_7zy0me3 succeeded in 35ms:
block 1511 1519
['JUMPDEST', 'CALLER', 'ORIGIN', 'OP_81', 'EQ', 'PUSH2', 'JUMPI']
block 1520 1543
['POP', 'CALLER', 'PUSH20', 'ADD']
block 1544 1570
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'CALLVALUE', 'OP_88', 'OP_88', 'OP_88', 'OP_88', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'ADD', 'PUSH2', 'OP_95', 'OP_94', 'OP_93', 'OP_92', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']
block 1571 1682
['JUMPDEST', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH1', 'OP_81', 'OP_83', 'SUB', 'SUB', 'OP_81', 'MSTORE', 'OP_90', 'PUSH1', 'MSTORE', 'OP_90', 'POP', 'PUSH1', 'OP_89', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'OP_83', 'PUSH20', 'AND', 'PUSH32', 'OP_84', 'PUSH1', 'MLOAD', 'PUSH2', 'OP_91', 'OP_90', 'PUSH2', 'JUMP']

thinking
**Analyzing tx.origin usage and call risks**

I'm piecing together how the contract uses tx.origin for restricting execution, suspecting it’s meant to limit calls to EOAs but recognizing this is a risky anti-pattern that can break smart contract wallets and potentially be bypassed via delegatecall wrappers. There’s a computed CALL that might enable reentrancy if unguarded, though evidence is slim; overall, I’m leaning toward a medium-severity finding highlighting the improper use of tx.origin and potential untrusted external calls, backing it with precise bytecode references for clarity.
codex
{"no_findings":false,"summary":"Bytecode inspection shows tx.origin is used in conditional checks that appear to gate execution; no delegatecall or proxy/upgrade patterns detected in this implementation.","findings":[{"severity":"low","category":"access_control","title":"tx.origin-based gating/authorization is fragile and can be bypassed or break smart contract wallet support","exploit_scenario":"If a privileged path relies on tx.origin (e.g., msg.sender == tx.origin or origin comparisons) as its primary gate, a malicious contract can potentially bypass intent via delegatecall-based wrappers or by tricking an authorized EOA into initiating a transaction, leading to unintended execution of sensitive logic. Even when used as an \"EOA-only\" check, it blocks contract wallets and meta-transactions, and provides weak security guarantees.","recommendation":"Avoid tx.origin for authorization. Use msg.sender plus explicit role/owner checks and, if EOA-only behavior is truly needed, rely on explicit allowlists or signature-based authorization that works with smart accounts.","evidence":"Basic block at pc 0x5e7 shows `CALLER`, `ORIGIN`, `DUP2`, `EQ`, `JUMPI`, indicating a msg.sender == tx.origin check. Another origin equality check appears at pc 0x18f0 (`ORIGIN`, `PUSH1`, `EQ`). Detector summary flags tx_origin_used at these PCs.","locations":["pc:0x5e7","pc:0x18f0"]}]}
tokens used
53,869
Metadata
{
    "codex": {
        "ran_at": "2026-01-10T22:56:57.794220+00:00",
        "returncode": 0
    },
    "project": {
        "mode": "bytecode",
        "bytecode_length": 43900,
        "bytecode_truncated": false,
        "capability_graph_present": true,
        "analysis_artifact_present": true
    },
    "summary": "Bytecode inspection shows tx.origin is used in conditional checks that appear to gate execution; no delegatecall or proxy/upgrade patterns detected in this implementation.",
    "raw_final": {
        "summary": "Bytecode inspection shows tx.origin is used in conditional checks that appear to gate execution; no delegatecall or proxy/upgrade patterns detected in this implementation.",
        "findings": [
            {
                "title": "tx.origin-based gating/authorization is fragile and can be bypassed or break smart contract wallet support",
                "category": "access_control",
                "evidence": "Basic block at pc 0x5e7 shows `CALLER`, `ORIGIN`, `DUP2`, `EQ`, `JUMPI`, indicating a msg.sender == tx.origin check. Another origin equality check appears at pc 0x18f0 (`ORIGIN`, `PUSH1`, `EQ`). Detector summary flags tx_origin_used at these PCs.",
                "severity": "low",
                "locations": [
                    "pc:0x5e7",
                    "pc:0x18f0"
                ],
                "recommendation": "Avoid tx.origin for authorization. Use msg.sender plus explicit role/owner checks and, if EOA-only behavior is truly needed, rely on explicit allowlists or signature-based authorization that works with smart accounts.",
                "exploit_scenario": "If a privileged path relies on tx.origin (e.g., msg.sender == tx.origin or origin comparisons) as its primary gate, a malicious contract can potentially bypass intent via delegatecall-based wrappers or by tricking an authorized EOA into initiating a transaction, leading to unintended execution of sensitive logic. Even when used as an \"EOA-only\" check, it blocks contract wallets and meta-transactions, and provides weak security guarantees."
            }
        ],
        "no_findings": false
    },
    "no_findings": false,
    "proxy_context": {
        "proxy_run_id": "019ba9bc-ecb2-71f9-8ac6-8e077355b1d4",
        "proxy_address": "0x0d6e11e2a3b2b3a245bf839c07d775983acb787d",
        "implementation_run_id": "019ba9bd-8206-7335-b79d-7b327b7d19bd",
        "implementation_address": "0xa6f27fa3c60ec70d5ac7ea53cad339498bc1580e"
    },
    "schema_version": 1
}

Opcode Heuristics

tool.cast_disasm
Delegatecall
2
Selfdestruct
0
CREATE2
0
CALL-family (heavy)
0
EXT*/BALANCE
0
Total opcodes
798
Flags
delegatecall_present
View cast disassembly output
00000000: PUSH1 0x80
00000002: PUSH1 0x40
00000004: MSTORE
00000005: PUSH1 0x04
00000007: CALLDATASIZE
00000008: LT
00000009: PUSH2 0x005e
0000000c: JUMPI
0000000d: PUSH1 0x00
0000000f: CALLDATALOAD
00000010: PUSH1 0xe0
00000012: SHR
00000013: DUP1
00000014: PUSH4 0x5c60da1b
00000019: GT
0000001a: PUSH2 0x0043
0000001d: JUMPI
0000001e: DUP1
0000001f: PUSH4 0x5c60da1b
00000024: EQ
00000025: PUSH2 0x00be
00000028: JUMPI
00000029: DUP1
0000002a: PUSH4 0x8f283970
0000002f: EQ
00000030: PUSH2 0x00f8
00000033: JUMPI
00000034: DUP1
00000035: PUSH4 0xf851a440
0000003a: EQ
0000003b: PUSH2 0x0118
0000003e: JUMPI
0000003f: PUSH2 0x006d
00000042: JUMP
00000043: JUMPDEST
00000044: DUP1
00000045: PUSH4 0x3659cfe6
0000004a: EQ
0000004b: PUSH2 0x0075
0000004e: JUMPI
0000004f: DUP1
00000050: PUSH4 0x4f1ef286
00000055: EQ
00000056: PUSH2 0x0095
00000059: JUMPI
0000005a: PUSH2 0x006d
0000005d: JUMP
0000005e: JUMPDEST
0000005f: CALLDATASIZE
00000060: PUSH2 0x006d
00000063: JUMPI
00000064: PUSH2 0x006b
00000067: PUSH2 0x012d
0000006a: JUMP
0000006b: JUMPDEST
0000006c: STOP
0000006d: JUMPDEST
0000006e: PUSH2 0x006b
00000071: PUSH2 0x012d
00000074: JUMP
00000075: JUMPDEST
00000076: CALLVALUE
00000077: DUP1
00000078: ISZERO
00000079: PUSH2 0x0081
0000007c: JUMPI
0000007d: PUSH1 0x00
0000007f: DUP1
00000080: REVERT
00000081: JUMPDEST
00000082: POP
00000083: PUSH2 0x006b
00000086: PUSH2 0x0090
00000089: CALLDATASIZE
0000008a: PUSH1 0x04
0000008c: PUSH2 0x06d9
0000008f: JUMP
00000090: JUMPDEST
00000091: PUSH2 0x0224
00000094: JUMP
00000095: JUMPDEST
00000096: PUSH2 0x00a8
00000099: PUSH2 0x00a3
0000009c: CALLDATASIZE
0000009d: PUSH1 0x04
0000009f: PUSH2 0x06f4
000000a2: JUMP
000000a3: JUMPDEST
000000a4: PUSH2 0x0296
000000a7: JUMP
000000a8: JUMPDEST
000000a9: PUSH1 0x40
000000ab: MLOAD
000000ac: PUSH2 0x00b5
000000af: SWAP2
000000b0: SWAP1
000000b1: PUSH2 0x0777
000000b4: JUMP
000000b5: JUMPDEST
000000b6: PUSH1 0x40
000000b8: MLOAD
000000b9: DUP1
000000ba: SWAP2
000000bb: SUB
000000bc: SWAP1
000000bd: RETURN
000000be: JUMPDEST
000000bf: CALLVALUE
000000c0: DUP1
000000c1: ISZERO
000000c2: PUSH2 0x00ca
000000c5: JUMPI
000000c6: PUSH1 0x00
000000c8: DUP1
000000c9: REVERT
000000ca: JUMPDEST
000000cb: POP
000000cc: PUSH2 0x00d3
000000cf: PUSH2 0x0419
000000d2: JUMP
000000d3: JUMPDEST
000000d4: PUSH1 0x40
000000d6: MLOAD
000000d7: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000000ec: SWAP1
000000ed: SWAP2
000000ee: AND
000000ef: DUP2
000000f0: MSTORE
000000f1: PUSH1 0x20
000000f3: ADD
000000f4: PUSH2 0x00b5
000000f7: JUMP
000000f8: JUMPDEST
000000f9: CALLVALUE
000000fa: DUP1
000000fb: ISZERO
000000fc: PUSH2 0x0104
000000ff: JUMPI
00000100: PUSH1 0x00
00000102: DUP1
00000103: REVERT
00000104: JUMPDEST
00000105: POP
00000106: PUSH2 0x006b
00000109: PUSH2 0x0113
0000010c: CALLDATASIZE
0000010d: PUSH1 0x04
0000010f: PUSH2 0x06d9
00000112: JUMP
00000113: JUMPDEST
00000114: PUSH2 0x04b0
00000117: JUMP
00000118: JUMPDEST
00000119: CALLVALUE
0000011a: DUP1
0000011b: ISZERO
0000011c: PUSH2 0x0124
0000011f: JUMPI
00000120: PUSH1 0x00
00000122: DUP1
00000123: REVERT
00000124: JUMPDEST
00000125: POP
00000126: PUSH2 0x00d3
00000129: PUSH2 0x0517
0000012c: JUMP
0000012d: JUMPDEST
0000012e: PUSH1 0x00
00000130: PUSH2 0x0157
00000133: PUSH32 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc
00000154: SLOAD
00000155: SWAP1
00000156: JUMP
00000157: JUMPDEST
00000158: SWAP1
00000159: POP
0000015a: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
0000016f: DUP2
00000170: AND
00000171: PUSH2 0x0201
00000174: JUMPI
00000175: PUSH1 0x40
00000177: MLOAD
00000178: PUSH32 0x08c379a000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000199: DUP2
0000019a: MSTORE
0000019b: PUSH1 0x20
0000019d: PUSH1 0x04
0000019f: DUP3
000001a0: ADD
000001a1: MSTORE
000001a2: PUSH1 0x25
000001a4: PUSH1 0x24
000001a6: DUP3
000001a7: ADD
000001a8: MSTORE
000001a9: PUSH32 0x50726f78793a20696d706c656d656e746174696f6e206e6f7420696e69746961
000001ca: PUSH1 0x44
000001cc: DUP3
000001cd: ADD
000001ce: MSTORE
000001cf: PUSH32 0x6c697a6564000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000001f0: PUSH1 0x64
000001f2: DUP3
000001f3: ADD
000001f4: MSTORE
000001f5: PUSH1 0x84
000001f7: ADD
000001f8: JUMPDEST
000001f9: PUSH1 0x40
000001fb: MLOAD
000001fc: DUP1
000001fd: SWAP2
000001fe: SUB
000001ff: SWAP1
00000200: REVERT
00000201: JUMPDEST
00000202: CALLDATASIZE
00000203: PUSH1 0x00
00000205: DUP1
00000206: CALLDATACOPY
00000207: PUSH1 0x00
00000209: DUP1
0000020a: CALLDATASIZE
0000020b: PUSH1 0x00
0000020d: DUP5
0000020e: GAS
0000020f: DELEGATECALL
00000210: RETURNDATASIZE
00000211: PUSH1 0x00
00000213: DUP1
00000214: RETURNDATACOPY
00000215: DUP1
00000216: PUSH2 0x021e
00000219: JUMPI
0000021a: RETURNDATASIZE
0000021b: PUSH1 0x00
0000021d: REVERT
0000021e: JUMPDEST
0000021f: POP
00000220: RETURNDATASIZE
00000221: PUSH1 0x00
00000223: RETURN
00000224: JUMPDEST
00000225: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
00000246: SLOAD
00000247: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
0000025c: AND
0000025d: CALLER
0000025e: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000273: AND
00000274: EQ
00000275: DUP1
00000276: PUSH2 0x027d
00000279: JUMPI
0000027a: POP
0000027b: CALLER
0000027c: ISZERO
0000027d: JUMPDEST
0000027e: ISZERO
0000027f: PUSH2 0x028e
00000282: JUMPI
00000283: PUSH2 0x028b
00000286: DUP2
00000287: PUSH2 0x05a3
0000028a: JUMP
0000028b: JUMPDEST
0000028c: POP
0000028d: JUMP
0000028e: JUMPDEST
0000028f: PUSH2 0x028b
00000292: PUSH2 0x012d
00000295: JUMP
00000296: JUMPDEST
00000297: PUSH1 0x60
00000299: PUSH2 0x02c0
0000029c: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
000002bd: SLOAD
000002be: SWAP1
000002bf: JUMP
000002c0: JUMPDEST
000002c1: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000002d6: AND
000002d7: CALLER
000002d8: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000002ed: AND
000002ee: EQ
000002ef: DUP1
000002f0: PUSH2 0x02f7
000002f3: JUMPI
000002f4: POP
000002f5: CALLER
000002f6: ISZERO
000002f7: JUMPDEST
000002f8: ISZERO
000002f9: PUSH2 0x040a
000002fc: JUMPI
000002fd: PUSH2 0x0305
00000300: DUP5
00000301: PUSH2 0x05a3
00000304: JUMP
00000305: JUMPDEST
00000306: PUSH1 0x00
00000308: DUP1
00000309: DUP6
0000030a: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
0000031f: AND
00000320: DUP6
00000321: DUP6
00000322: PUSH1 0x40
00000324: MLOAD
00000325: PUSH2 0x032f
00000328: SWAP3
00000329: SWAP2
0000032a: SWAP1
0000032b: PUSH2 0x07ea
0000032e: JUMP
0000032f: JUMPDEST
00000330: PUSH1 0x00
00000332: PUSH1 0x40
00000334: MLOAD
00000335: DUP1
00000336: DUP4
00000337: SUB
00000338: DUP2
00000339: DUP6
0000033a: GAS
0000033b: DELEGATECALL
0000033c: SWAP2
0000033d: POP
0000033e: POP
0000033f: RETURNDATASIZE
00000340: DUP1
00000341: PUSH1 0x00
00000343: DUP2
00000344: EQ
00000345: PUSH2 0x036a
00000348: JUMPI
00000349: PUSH1 0x40
0000034b: MLOAD
0000034c: SWAP2
0000034d: POP
0000034e: PUSH1 0x1f
00000350: NOT
00000351: PUSH1 0x3f
00000353: RETURNDATASIZE
00000354: ADD
00000355: AND
00000356: DUP3
00000357: ADD
00000358: PUSH1 0x40
0000035a: MSTORE
0000035b: RETURNDATASIZE
0000035c: DUP3
0000035d: MSTORE
0000035e: RETURNDATASIZE
0000035f: PUSH1 0x00
00000361: PUSH1 0x20
00000363: DUP5
00000364: ADD
00000365: RETURNDATACOPY
00000366: PUSH2 0x036f
00000369: JUMP
0000036a: JUMPDEST
0000036b: PUSH1 0x60
0000036d: SWAP2
0000036e: POP
0000036f: JUMPDEST
00000370: POP
00000371: SWAP2
00000372: POP
00000373: SWAP2
00000374: POP
00000375: DUP2
00000376: PUSH2 0x0401
00000379: JUMPI
0000037a: PUSH1 0x40
0000037c: MLOAD
0000037d: PUSH32 0x08c379a000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000039e: DUP2
0000039f: MSTORE
000003a0: PUSH1 0x20
000003a2: PUSH1 0x04
000003a4: DUP3
000003a5: ADD
000003a6: MSTORE
000003a7: PUSH1 0x39
000003a9: PUSH1 0x24
000003ab: DUP3
000003ac: ADD
000003ad: MSTORE
000003ae: PUSH32 0x50726f78793a2064656c656761746563616c6c20746f206e657720696d706c65
000003cf: PUSH1 0x44
000003d1: DUP3
000003d2: ADD
000003d3: MSTORE
000003d4: PUSH32 0x6d656e746174696f6e20636f6e7472616374206661696c656400000000000000
000003f5: PUSH1 0x64
000003f7: DUP3
000003f8: ADD
000003f9: MSTORE
000003fa: PUSH1 0x84
000003fc: ADD
000003fd: PUSH2 0x01f8
00000400: JUMP
00000401: JUMPDEST
00000402: SWAP2
00000403: POP
00000404: PUSH2 0x0412
00000407: SWAP1
00000408: POP
00000409: JUMP
0000040a: JUMPDEST
0000040b: PUSH2 0x0412
0000040e: PUSH2 0x012d
00000411: JUMP
00000412: JUMPDEST
00000413: SWAP4
00000414: SWAP3
00000415: POP
00000416: POP
00000417: POP
00000418: JUMP
00000419: JUMPDEST
0000041a: PUSH1 0x00
0000041c: PUSH2 0x0443
0000041f: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
00000440: SLOAD
00000441: SWAP1
00000442: JUMP
00000443: JUMPDEST
00000444: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000459: AND
0000045a: CALLER
0000045b: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000470: AND
00000471: EQ
00000472: DUP1
00000473: PUSH2 0x047a
00000476: JUMPI
00000477: POP
00000478: CALLER
00000479: ISZERO
0000047a: JUMPDEST
0000047b: ISZERO
0000047c: PUSH2 0x04a5
0000047f: JUMPI
00000480: POP
00000481: PUSH32 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc
000004a2: SLOAD
000004a3: SWAP1
000004a4: JUMP
000004a5: JUMPDEST
000004a6: PUSH2 0x04ad
000004a9: PUSH2 0x012d
000004ac: JUMP
000004ad: JUMPDEST
000004ae: SWAP1
000004af: JUMP
000004b0: JUMPDEST
000004b1: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
000004d2: SLOAD
000004d3: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000004e8: AND
000004e9: CALLER
000004ea: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000004ff: AND
00000500: EQ
00000501: DUP1
00000502: PUSH2 0x0509
00000505: JUMPI
00000506: POP
00000507: CALLER
00000508: ISZERO
00000509: JUMPDEST
0000050a: ISZERO
0000050b: PUSH2 0x028e
0000050e: JUMPI
0000050f: PUSH2 0x028b
00000512: DUP2
00000513: PUSH2 0x060b
00000516: JUMP
00000517: JUMPDEST
00000518: PUSH1 0x00
0000051a: PUSH2 0x0541
0000051d: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
0000053e: SLOAD
0000053f: SWAP1
00000540: JUMP
00000541: JUMPDEST
00000542: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000557: AND
00000558: CALLER
00000559: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
0000056e: AND
0000056f: EQ
00000570: DUP1
00000571: PUSH2 0x0578
00000574: JUMPI
00000575: POP
00000576: CALLER
00000577: ISZERO
00000578: JUMPDEST
00000579: ISZERO
0000057a: PUSH2 0x04a5
0000057d: JUMPI
0000057e: POP
0000057f: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
000005a0: SLOAD
000005a1: SWAP1
000005a2: JUMP
000005a3: JUMPDEST
000005a4: PUSH32 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc
000005c5: DUP2
000005c6: SWAP1
000005c7: SSTORE
000005c8: PUSH1 0x40
000005ca: MLOAD
000005cb: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000005e0: DUP3
000005e1: AND
000005e2: SWAP1
000005e3: PUSH32 0xbc7cd75a20ee27fd9adebab32041f755214dbc6bffa90cc0225b39da2e5c2d3b
00000604: SWAP1
00000605: PUSH1 0x00
00000607: SWAP1
00000608: LOG2
00000609: POP
0000060a: JUMP
0000060b: JUMPDEST
0000060c: PUSH1 0x00
0000060e: PUSH2 0x0635
00000611: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
00000632: SLOAD
00000633: SWAP1
00000634: JUMP
00000635: JUMPDEST
00000636: PUSH32 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103
00000657: DUP4
00000658: SWAP1
00000659: SSTORE
0000065a: PUSH1 0x40
0000065c: DUP1
0000065d: MLOAD
0000065e: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
00000673: DUP1
00000674: DUP5
00000675: AND
00000676: DUP3
00000677: MSTORE
00000678: DUP6
00000679: AND
0000067a: PUSH1 0x20
0000067c: DUP3
0000067d: ADD
0000067e: MSTORE
0000067f: SWAP2
00000680: SWAP3
00000681: POP
00000682: PUSH32 0x7e644d79422f17c01e4894b5f4f588d331ebfa28653d42ae832dc59e38c9798f
000006a3: SWAP2
000006a4: ADD
000006a5: PUSH1 0x40
000006a7: MLOAD
000006a8: DUP1
000006a9: SWAP2
000006aa: SUB
000006ab: SWAP1
000006ac: LOG1
000006ad: POP
000006ae: POP
000006af: JUMP
000006b0: JUMPDEST
000006b1: DUP1
000006b2: CALLDATALOAD
000006b3: PUSH20 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
000006c8: DUP2
000006c9: AND
000006ca: DUP2
000006cb: EQ
000006cc: PUSH2 0x06d4
000006cf: JUMPI
000006d0: PUSH1 0x00
000006d2: DUP1
000006d3: REVERT
000006d4: JUMPDEST
000006d5: SWAP2
000006d6: SWAP1
000006d7: POP
000006d8: JUMP
000006d9: JUMPDEST
000006da: PUSH1 0x00
000006dc: PUSH1 0x20
000006de: DUP3
000006df: DUP5
000006e0: SUB
000006e1: SLT
000006e2: ISZERO
000006e3: PUSH2 0x06eb
000006e6: JUMPI
000006e7: PUSH1 0x00
000006e9: DUP1
000006ea: REVERT
000006eb: JUMPDEST
000006ec: PUSH2 0x0412
000006ef: DUP3
000006f0: PUSH2 0x06b0
000006f3: JUMP
000006f4: JUMPDEST
000006f5: PUSH1 0x00
000006f7: DUP1
000006f8: PUSH1 0x00
000006fa: PUSH1 0x40
000006fc: DUP5
000006fd: DUP7
000006fe: SUB
000006ff: SLT
00000700: ISZERO
00000701: PUSH2 0x0709
00000704: JUMPI
00000705: PUSH1 0x00
00000707: DUP1
00000708: REVERT
00000709: JUMPDEST
0000070a: PUSH2 0x0712
0000070d: DUP5
0000070e: PUSH2 0x06b0
00000711: JUMP
00000712: JUMPDEST
00000713: SWAP3
00000714: POP
00000715: PUSH1 0x20
00000717: DUP5
00000718: ADD
00000719: CALLDATALOAD
0000071a: PUSH8 0xffffffffffffffff
00000723: DUP1
00000724: DUP3
00000725: GT
00000726: ISZERO
00000727: PUSH2 0x072f
0000072a: JUMPI
0000072b: PUSH1 0x00
0000072d: DUP1
0000072e: REVERT
0000072f: JUMPDEST
00000730: DUP2
00000731: DUP7
00000732: ADD
00000733: SWAP2
00000734: POP
00000735: DUP7
00000736: PUSH1 0x1f
00000738: DUP4
00000739: ADD
0000073a: SLT
0000073b: PUSH2 0x0743
0000073e: JUMPI
0000073f: PUSH1 0x00
00000741: DUP1
00000742: REVERT
00000743: JUMPDEST
00000744: DUP2
00000745: CALLDATALOAD
00000746: DUP2
00000747: DUP2
00000748: GT
00000749: ISZERO
0000074a: PUSH2 0x0752
0000074d: JUMPI
0000074e: PUSH1 0x00
00000750: DUP1
00000751: REVERT
00000752: JUMPDEST
00000753: DUP8
00000754: PUSH1 0x20
00000756: DUP3
00000757: DUP6
00000758: ADD
00000759: ADD
0000075a: GT
0000075b: ISZERO
0000075c: PUSH2 0x0764
0000075f: JUMPI
00000760: PUSH1 0x00
00000762: DUP1
00000763: REVERT
00000764: JUMPDEST
00000765: PUSH1 0x20
00000767: DUP4
00000768: ADD
00000769: SWAP5
0000076a: POP
0000076b: DUP1
0000076c: SWAP4
0000076d: POP
0000076e: POP
0000076f: POP
00000770: POP
00000771: SWAP3
00000772: POP
00000773: SWAP3
00000774: POP
00000775: SWAP3
00000776: JUMP
00000777: JUMPDEST
00000778: PUSH1 0x00
0000077a: PUSH1 0x20
0000077c: DUP1
0000077d: DUP4
0000077e: MSTORE
0000077f: DUP4
00000780: MLOAD
00000781: DUP1
00000782: DUP3
00000783: DUP6
00000784: ADD
00000785: MSTORE
00000786: PUSH1 0x00
00000788: JUMPDEST
00000789: DUP2
0000078a: DUP2
0000078b: LT
0000078c: ISZERO
0000078d: PUSH2 0x07a4
00000790: JUMPI
00000791: DUP6
00000792: DUP2
00000793: ADD
00000794: DUP4
00000795: ADD
00000796: MLOAD
00000797: DUP6
00000798: DUP3
00000799: ADD
0000079a: PUSH1 0x40
0000079c: ADD
0000079d: MSTORE
0000079e: DUP3
0000079f: ADD
000007a0: PUSH2 0x0788
000007a3: JUMP
000007a4: JUMPDEST
000007a5: DUP2
000007a6: DUP2
000007a7: GT
000007a8: ISZERO
000007a9: PUSH2 0x07b6
000007ac: JUMPI
000007ad: PUSH1 0x00
000007af: PUSH1 0x40
000007b1: DUP4
000007b2: DUP8
000007b3: ADD
000007b4: ADD
000007b5: MSTORE
000007b6: JUMPDEST
000007b7: POP
000007b8: PUSH1 0x1f
000007ba: ADD
000007bb: PUSH32 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe0
000007dc: AND
000007dd: SWAP3
000007de: SWAP1
000007df: SWAP3
000007e0: ADD
000007e1: PUSH1 0x40
000007e3: ADD
000007e4: SWAP4
000007e5: SWAP3
000007e6: POP
000007e7: POP
000007e8: POP
000007e9: JUMP
000007ea: JUMPDEST
000007eb: DUP2
000007ec: DUP4
000007ed: DUP3
000007ee: CALLDATACOPY
000007ef: PUSH1 0x00
000007f1: SWAP2
000007f2: ADD
000007f3: SWAP1
000007f4: DUP2
000007f5: MSTORE
000007f6: SWAP2
000007f7: SWAP1
000007f8: POP
000007f9: JUMP
000007fa: INVALID
000007fb: LOG1
000007fc: PUSH5 0x736f6c6343
00000802: STOP
00000803: ADDMOD
00000804: UNKNOWN(0x0F)
00000805: STOP
00000806: EXP

Findings

validated = confirmed for call sinks; sink observed for others
Severity Category Tool Title Confidence Validated Confirmed Details
high upgradeability detector Untrusted DELEGATECALL target reachable 55 no no
view
trace_id: 0x261afe02bcd224825583fa777f30abe5f70328a8f06bd1add533f73c8a1c1975
call_targets: 0xa6f27fa3c60ec70d5ac7ea53cad339498bc1580e
target_varies: no
classification: constant_target
validation_json
{
    "sink": "DELEGATECALL",
    "errors": 0,
    "status": "sink_reached",
    "attempts": 1,
    "trace_id": "0x261afe02bcd224825583fa777f30abe5f70328a8f06bd1add533f73c8a1c1975",
    "confirmed": false,
    "trace_mode": "callTracer",
    "call_targets": [
        "0xa6f27fa3c60ec70d5ac7ea53cad339498bc1580e"
    ],
    "matched_probe": null,
    "target_varies": false,
    "classification": "constant_target"
}
witness_json
{
    "notes": "heuristic witness; entrypoints are best-effort selectors with zeroed calldata",
    "constraints": [],
    "entrypoints": [
        {
            "calldata": "0x5c60da1b",
            "selector": "0x5c60da1b",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0x5c60da1b",
                "0x5c60da1b0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0x8f283970",
            "selector": "0x8f283970",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0x8f283970",
                "0x8f2839700000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0xf851a440",
            "selector": "0xf851a440",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0xf851a440",
                "0xf851a4400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0x3659cfe6",
            "selector": "0x3659cfe6",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0x3659cfe6",
                "0x3659cfe60000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        },
        {
            "calldata": "0x4f1ef286",
            "selector": "0x4f1ef286",
            "calldata_variants": [
                "0x4f1ef286",
                "0x4f1ef2860000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
            ]
        }
    ]
}
evidence_json
{
    "examples": [
        {
            "pc": 527,
            "opcode": "DELEGATECALL",
            "returndata_checked": null,
            "value_expression_category": "n/a",
            "target_expression_category": "computed"
        },
        {
            "pc": 827,
            "opcode": "DELEGATECALL",
            "returndata_checked": null,
            "value_expression_category": "n/a",
            "target_expression_category": "computed"
        }
    ],
    "guards_detected": [
        {
            "pc": 605,
            "type": "msg_sender_eq_const",
            "value": "0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"
        },
        {
            "pc": 727,
            "type": "msg_sender_eq_const",
            "value": "0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"
        },
        {
            "pc": 1114,
            "type": "msg_sender_eq_const",
            "value": "0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"
        },
        {
            "pc": 1257,
            "type": "msg_sender_eq_const",
            "value": "0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"
        },
        {
            "pc": 1368,
            "type": "msg_sender_eq_const",
            "value": "0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"
        }
    ],
    "delegatecall_count": 2,
    "untrusted_delegatecall_count": 2
}
medium upgradeability cast DELEGATECALL present 80 no
view
evidence_json
{
    "notes": "delegatecall enables execution in caller context; common in proxies/upgradeable patterns",
    "delegatecall_count": 2
}
low access_control codex tx.origin-based gating/authorization is fragile and can be bypassed or break smart contract wallet support 65 no
view
evidence_json
{
    "evidence": "Basic block at pc 0x5e7 shows `CALLER`, `ORIGIN`, `DUP2`, `EQ`, `JUMPI`, indicating a msg.sender == tx.origin check. Another origin equality check appears at pc 0x18f0 (`ORIGIN`, `PUSH1`, `EQ`). Detector summary flags tx_origin_used at these PCs.",
    "locations": [
        "pc:0x5e7",
        "pc:0x18f0"
    ],
    "recommendation": "Avoid tx.origin for authorization. Use msg.sender plus explicit role/owner checks and, if EOA-only behavior is truly needed, rely on explicit allowlists or signature-based authorization that works with smart accounts.",
    "exploit_scenario": "If a privileged path relies on tx.origin (e.g., msg.sender == tx.origin or origin comparisons) as its primary gate, a malicious contract can potentially bypass intent via delegatecall-based wrappers or by tricking an authorized EOA into initiating a transaction, leading to unintended execution of sensitive logic. Even when used as an \"EOA-only\" check, it blocks contract wallets and meta-transactions, and provides weak security guarantees."
}